水足迹视角下干旱区城市工业结构优化研究——以乌鲁木齐市为例

发布时间：2019-06-22 10:58

【摘要】：干旱区城市工业发展日益受到水资源供需矛盾加剧和水环境污染严重的约束,从水足迹视角估算工业部门耗水程度,进而优化工业结构以达到节水减污的目标,对于干旱区城市走新型工业化道路具有重要意义。本文构建工业水足迹模型和基于水足迹的多目标优化模型,选择干旱区绿洲城市乌鲁木齐市为典型案例区,研究工业内部各部门的水足迹,并以此为基础对工业部门进行聚类分析,根据聚类结果和乌鲁木齐工业发展规划,运用优化模型探讨未来研究区工业发展的优化方案。结果显示:1以工业增加值、各工业部门蓝、灰水足迹值为基础,乌鲁木齐工业部门可以划分为:强经济贡献、强耗水、强污染,强经济贡献、弱耗水、弱污染,弱经济贡献、弱耗水、弱污染,弱经济贡献、强耗水、强污染4类。2以分类结果为依据,通过优化分析确定可持续发展模式作为乌鲁木齐市工业未来发展的基础方案,此种模式下,2015年乌鲁木齐市工业水足迹为3.13亿m3,其中,蓝水足迹0.72亿m3,灰水足迹2.41亿m3,工业总产值为2 340亿元,增加值达到1 342亿元,和其他情境相比,它具有蓝水、灰水足迹较低,工业投入产出水平较高的特点。3具体而言,乌鲁木齐市工业应发展具有强经济贡献、弱耗水、弱污染特征的采选业。积极培育弱经济贡献、弱耗水、弱污染行业向高投入产出、环境友好型行业转变,这些行业包括:食品业、饮料业、纺织业、家具业、非金属业、设备业、机械及器材业等。引导石油炼焦业、电力、热力及水的生产和供应业、金属业等强耗水、强污染型行业向节水减污模式转型。
[Abstract]:The development of urban industry in arid area is increasingly constrained by the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources and serious pollution of water environment. It is of great significance to estimate the degree of water consumption in industrial departments from the perspective of water footprint, and then optimize the industrial structure in order to achieve the goal of saving water and reducing pollution. It is of great significance for cities in arid areas to take a new road of industrialization. In this paper, the industrial water footprint model and the multi-objective optimization model based on water footprint are constructed, and the oasis city of Urumqi in arid area is selected as the typical case area to study the water footprint of each department in the industry. On this basis, the cluster analysis of the industrial sector is carried out. According to the clustering results and Urumqi industrial development planning, the optimization scheme of industrial development in the future study area is discussed by using the optimization model. The results show that: (1) based on the industrial added value, blue and ash water footprint of each industrial sector, Urumqi industrial sector can be divided into four categories: strong economic contribution, strong water consumption, strong pollution, strong economic contribution, weak water consumption, weak pollution, weak economic contribution, strong water consumption and strong pollution. 2 based on the classification results, Through optimization analysis, the sustainable development model is determined as the basic scheme for the future development of Urumqi industry. Under this model, the industrial water footprint of Urumqi in 2015 is 313 million m3, in which the blue water footprint is 72 million m3, the ash water footprint is 241 million m3, the total industrial output value is 234 billion yuan, and the added value is 134.2 billion yuan. Compared with other situations, Urumqi has a blue water footprint and a lower gray water footprint. The characteristics of high level of industrial input and output. 3 specifically, Urumqi industry should develop the mining and selection industry with strong economic contribution, weak water consumption and weak pollution. Actively cultivate weak economic contributions, weak water consumption, weak pollution industries to high input-output, environmentally friendly industries, including: food industry, beverage industry, textile industry, furniture industry, non-metal industry, equipment industry, machinery and utensils industry and so on. Guide oil coking industry, power, heat and water production and supply industry, metal industry and other strong water consumption, strong pollution industry to water saving and pollution reduction mode transformation.
【作者单位】：新疆财经大学旅游学院;中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所;
【基金】：新疆维吾尔自治区自然基金青年项目“水足迹视角下干旱区城市产业结构优化路径研究——以乌鲁木齐市为例”(编号:2013211B27)
【分类号】：X22;F427

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