我国银行业竞争与关系型贷款选择研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 07:31

本文关键词：我国银行业竞争与关系型贷款选择研究　出处：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：关系型贷款是指金融机构通过与借款人长期、多方式的金融业务往来,获取借款企业的私有信息,并以此放贷的一种技术。它具有克服信息不对称、提高贷款技术水平和降低信贷风险的优势。但在银行业竞争与关系型贷款关系研究方面,已有的结论并不一致,因此有必要对二者关系问题进行深入探讨。现实中,银行竞争日趋激烈,贷款市场结构发生改变,银行对贷款技术的策略选择受到了影响,关系型贷款技术在银行竞争中的适用性受到了挑战。因此,探讨关系型贷款在银行竞争中的策略地位同样必要。本文通过梳理以往的研究文献发现,理论分析逐渐走向全面,从银行行为角度和企业行为角度拓展到了贷款市场结构角度；实证研究更加严谨,体现在对银行业竞争的细分和关系型贷款变量的选取上。但已有研究存在不足,主要是以转型经济体或发展中国家为背景的研究较少,综合考虑金融发展水平、法律制度环境、银行业结构和企业性质等因素的研究欠缺。针对现有研究的不足,在理论分析上,本文对竞争中银行的贷款策略选择进行剖析,通过借鉴扩展的Hotelling模型得出了小银行间的竞争和大银行间的竞争对交易型贷款和关系型贷款策略选择的博弈均衡。结论表明,小银行竞争与关系型贷款的选择正相关,大银行竞争与关系型贷款的选择存在倒U型关系。在实证研究上,本文选取了2006～2011年我国469家A股上市公司的面板数据作为样本,综合考虑金融发展水平、法律制度环境、银行业结构、企业特征和产权性质等因素,对银行竞争度和关系型贷款额进行回归分析。结论显示：我国大银行竞争使关系型贷款出现了短暂增加,但最终会减少关系型贷款,尤其会减少对国有企业的关系型贷款；我国小银行竞争使关系型贷款在较长时期内减少,但最终会增加关系型贷款,尤其会增加银行对国有企业的关系型贷款；我国银行业竞争对非国有企业获得关系型贷款的影响不明显。基于研究结论,本文建议政府应加快完善金融制度并循序推进金融体制改革,尤其是对银行业的改革；银行监管部门应尽早制定银行业竞争政策和系统性风险防范对策；大银行应精简机构以节约放贷成本,小银行应使用先进技术来提高软信息生产能力；国有企业应争取从大银行获得更多的交易型贷款,从小银行获得关系型贷款的支持,而非国有企业应寻求多种融资渠道,比如股权融资、P2P融资、众筹融资等。
[Abstract]:Relational loan is a kind of technology that financial institutions obtain private information of borrowing enterprises through long-term, multi-way financial transactions with borrowers, and make loans in this way. It has overcome information asymmetry. To improve the technical level of loans and reduce the advantages of credit risk, but in the banking industry competition and the relationship between loan research, the existing conclusions are not consistent. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the relationship between the two. In reality, the competition of banks is becoming more and more intense, the structure of loan market has changed, and the choice of bank's strategy on loan technology has been affected. The applicability of relational loan technology in the competition of banks is challenged. Therefore, it is also necessary to explore the strategic position of relational loans in the competition of banks. By combing the previous research literature, this paper finds that the theoretical analysis is gradually towards a comprehensive, from the perspective of bank behavior and enterprise behavior to the perspective of the structure of the loan market; Empirical research is more rigorous, reflected in the segmentation of banking competition and the selection of relational loan variables. However, there are some deficiencies in the previous studies, mainly in the context of transition economies or developing countries. Comprehensive consideration of the level of financial development, legal system environment, banking structure and the nature of enterprises and other factors lack of research. In view of the deficiency of the existing research, this paper analyzes the choice of the bank loan strategy in the competition in the theoretical analysis. By using the extended Hotelling model, the game equilibrium between the competition between small banks and large banks on the choice of transactional loan and relational loan strategy is obtained. The conclusion shows that. The competition of small banks is positively related to the choice of relational loans, while the competition of large banks is inversely U-shaped to the choice of relational loans. This paper selects the panel data of 469 A-share listed companies from 2006 to 2011 as a sample, considering the level of financial development, legal system environment, banking structure. Based on the regression analysis of the competitive degree of banks and the amount of relational loans, the conclusion shows that the competition of large banks in our country has caused the short-term increase of relational loans. But in the end, it will reduce the relationship loan, especially to the state-owned enterprise. The competition of small banks in our country makes the relationship loans decrease in a long period of time, but it will increase the relationship loans, especially the relationship loans to the state-owned enterprises. The influence of banking competition on non-state-owned enterprises obtaining relational loans is not obvious. Based on the conclusions of the study, this paper suggests that the government should speed up the improvement of the financial system and promote the reform of the financial system, especially the reform of the banking sector. The bank supervision department should formulate the competition policy and systematic risk prevention countermeasure as soon as possible; Large banks should streamline institutions to save lending costs, small banks should use advanced technology to improve soft information production capacity; State-owned enterprises should strive to obtain more transactional loans from large banks, and small banks should be supported by relational loans, while non-state-owned enterprises should seek various financing channels, such as equity financing and P2P financing. Crowdfunding, etc.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.33;F832.4

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