外国直接投资对中国的环境效应影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 12:46

本文选题：外商直接投资　切入点：环境效应　出处：《天津财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国是外国直接投资的首选之地。相对于发达国家我国拥有充足而廉价的劳动力,而完善的基础设施和国家及各级政府吸引外资的优惠政策,进一步吸引了大量FDI。随着FDI的大量进入,我们不能否认FDI对中国经济发展的巨大促进作用。但是一些国际投资相关理论——如污染避难所、污染晕轮效应等表明,外商直接投资在转移资本的同时也可能带来了污染的转移。那么FDI给中国环境效应究竟是负面的还是正面的?对于该问题学术界一直没有得出统一答案。随着我国经济的快速发展,生活水平及环境意识不断提高,特别是环境污染已经严重影响到人们的日常生活,我们有必要去思考分析FDI对我国环境产生的影响,为了以后更好更合理的利用外资,国家要制定具体有效的政策引导外资流向,协调外商直接投资、经济发展及与环境的关系。本文首先从跨国公司在中国污染的案例为突破点,分析了跨国公司近几年在中国的环境负面表现,为下文FDI对我国环境的影响提供案例支持。接着通过对1995-2012年我国FDI实际利用金额总量的统计与我国工业污染物之一的二氧化硫排放量的统计数据进行分析比较。从我国FDI投资的三大产业比重可以看出,近几十年来第二产业的FDI比重最高,自2006年后第二产业FDI的比重下降,并于2011年被第三产业的FDI此重超过。从区域分布看,我国FDI区域分布与环境污染之间也存在着一定的正相关关系。其次,本文第四章对FDI对我国的环境效应进行了实证分析。这一部分基于格罗斯曼和克鲁格尔提出的“三效应”研究框架,采用了我国1995-2012年面板数据,使用Eviews5.0软件对联立方程组进行回归分析。首先,建立联立方程组模型确定FDI对中国经济规模、产业结构及技术进步的影响系数,然后采用主成分分析法把五类排放量变成一组变量后建立环境污染与经济规模、产业结构和技术之间的关系方程。然后通过多元回归分析方法来研究规模效应、产业结构效应和技术效应与中国环境污染的关系。最后,在上述研究结果的基础上,通过数学计算确定FDI对中国环境具有负面效应。最后,在以上分析研究的基础上,本文总结全文并提出了相关的政策建议。
[Abstract]:China is the preferred place for foreign direct investment. Compared with developed countries, China has abundant and cheap labor, and a sound infrastructure and preferential policies for governments at all levels to attract foreign investment. It has further attracted a large number of FDIs. With the massive entry of the FDI, we cannot deny the enormous contribution of FDI to China's economic development. But some theories related to international investment such as pollution shelters, halo effects of pollution, etc., indicate that. Foreign direct investment may also bring about the transfer of pollution while transferring capital. Is FDI negative or positive to China's environmental effects? With the rapid development of China's economy, living standards and environmental awareness have been improved, especially environmental pollution has seriously affected people's daily life. It is necessary for us to consider and analyze the impact of FDI on the environment of our country. In order to make better and more rational use of foreign capital in the future, the state should formulate concrete and effective policies to guide the flow of foreign capital and coordinate foreign direct investment. First of all, this paper analyzes the negative environmental performance of multinational corporations in China in recent years from the breakthrough point of the case of pollution of multinational corporations in China. This paper provides case support for the impact of FDI on the environment of our country, and then analyzes and compares the statistics of the total amount of actual FDI utilization in China from 1995 to 2012 with the statistical data of sulfur dioxide emissions, one of the industrial pollutants in China. It can be seen from the proportion of the three major industries in China's FDI investment, In recent decades, the proportion of FDI in the secondary industry has been the highest, and the proportion of FDI in the secondary industry has declined since 2006, and was surpassed by the FDI of the tertiary industry in 2011. There is also a positive correlation between the regional distribution of FDI and environmental pollution in China. Chapter 4th makes an empirical analysis of the environmental effects of FDI in China. This part uses the panel data from 1995 to 2012 based on the framework of "three effects" proposed by Grossman and Krugle. The regression analysis of simultaneous equations is carried out by using Eviews5.0 software. Firstly, the model of simultaneous equations is established to determine the influence coefficient of FDI on China's economic scale, industrial structure and technological progress. Then, the relationship equation between environmental pollution and economic scale, industrial structure and technology is established by using principal component analysis (PCA) to convert five kinds of emissions into a set of variables, and then the scale effect is studied by multivariate regression analysis. The relationship between industrial structure effect and technological effect and environmental pollution in China. Finally, on the basis of the above research results, it is determined by mathematical calculation that FDI has negative effect on Chinese environment. Finally, on the basis of the above analysis, This paper summarizes the full text and puts forward relevant policy recommendations.
【学位授予单位】：天津财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X196;F832.6

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