我国商业银行国际化路径选择研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 01:34

本文选题：商业银行　切入点：国际化　出处：《江西财经大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前,我国商业银行仍处在“走出去”的初级阶段,面对国际金融形势的不断变革,选择适合自己的国际化路径变得尤为重要。受历史因素及行业内特定的结构性差异影响,我国国有大型商业银行机构体系庞大,随着中小股份制银行的异军突起,目前我国商业银行在国内经济形势中难以获得突破式进展,必须开始寻求海外发展,参与国际竞争,而最直观的形式之一就是设立境外机构。从目前的参与主体来看,多以大型国有商业银行为主导,而中型股份制商业银行紧随其后,近年来也加快推进海外扩张这一新兴战略。随着我国商业银行国际化的不断发展,其在海外市场的表现也是可圈可点的,虽然境外机构的资产和利润在全行的占比仍然较小,但总体仍保持着稳步前进的良好态势;从业务经营范围的多样化性来看还略显单一,整体盈利水平仍不尽如人意,与国外大型商业银行国际化深度和广度相比,我国商业银行的国际化还有很长的路要走。本文从后危机时代各国政府相继出台激励政策鼓励本国商业银行走出国门,提升国际市场的竞争力这一大背景出发。首先,对当前的国内外研究成果进行综述,指出文章的框架及研究方法。其次,梳理了商业银行国际化路径选择的理论基础,概况了国际化路径的概念及路径种类,说明不同路径下商业银行国际化的利弊。此外,还总结了不同国际化路径的动因理论;接着从历史演进、投资主体、区位选择及国际化路径实施方面说明现阶段我国商业银行国际化的现状和存在的问题;第四部分列举了汇丰银行国际化的成功和苏格兰皇家银行并购的失败案例,总结出外资金融机构在海外扩张过程中的经验教训。第五部分采用DEA模型测度了十四家在银行业中具有代表性的商业银行进行效率测度,得出银行国际化与效率之间存在正相关关系,再进一步细分不同境外扩张路径对银行效率的影响因素;最后,文章针对前文中的对比分析、实证分析得出跨国并购可以通过资源整合和管理经验共享等优势来弥补我国商业银行国际化起步晚,跨国经营管理经验不足的缺陷。尤其是对于资产规模较大的标的银行的并购,我们应先与东道国的商业银行合作建立合资子银行。通过控股或者参股的方式进行合资银行的国际业务经营,如此可以解决融资的成本、政策准入等问题,又能学习先进的管理经验和国际化方法。综上所述,本文的创新之处在于从银行的个体效率视角出发,分析探讨不同路径选择对银行国际化的效率影响,研究角度较为新颖。得出在今后的国际化路径选择过程中,我国商业银行应转变为以跨国并购为主要方式、辅以新建投资,并适时地开展战略联盟的合资经营模式的结论。
[Abstract]:At present, China's commercial banks are still in the initial stage of "going out". In the face of the continuous changes in the international financial situation, it is particularly important to choose an international path suitable for our own.Influenced by historical factors and specific structural differences within the industry, the institutional system of large state-owned commercial banks in China is huge. With the emergence of small and medium-sized joint-stock banks,At present, it is difficult for our commercial banks to make breakthrough progress in the domestic economic situation, so we must start to seek overseas development and participate in international competition, and one of the most intuitive forms is to set up overseas institutions.From the view of the participants at present, the large state-owned commercial banks are the dominant ones, while the medium-sized joint-stock commercial banks follow closely, and in recent years they have also accelerated the overseas expansion as a new strategy.With the continuous development of the internationalization of commercial banks in China, their performance in the overseas market is also remarkable. Although the proportion of assets and profits of foreign institutions in the whole bank is still relatively small, it still maintains a good trend of steady progress.In terms of the diversification of business scope, the overall profit level is still not satisfactory. Compared with the international depth and breadth of foreign large commercial banks, the internationalization of commercial banks in China has a long way to go.In the post-crisis era, the governments of various countries have introduced incentive policies to encourage their commercial banks to go abroad and enhance the competitiveness of the international market.First of all, the current domestic and foreign research results are summarized, and the framework and research methods are pointed out.Secondly, it combs the theoretical basis of commercial bank internationalization path choice, summarizes the concept and path types of international path, and explains the advantages and disadvantages of commercial bank internationalization under different paths.In addition, it summarizes the motivation theory of different internationalization paths, then explains the current situation and existing problems of the internationalization of Chinese commercial banks from the aspects of historical evolution, investment subject, location choice and internationalization path implementation.The fourth part enumerates the success of HSBC's internationalization and the failure of Royal Bank of Scotland's merger and acquisition, and sums up the experience and lessons of foreign financial institutions in the process of overseas expansion.The fifth part uses the DEA model to measure the efficiency of 14 representative commercial banks in the banking industry, and draws the conclusion that there is a positive correlation between the internationalization and efficiency of the banks.Further subdivide the influence factors of different overseas expansion paths on the bank efficiency. Finally, the paper makes a comparative analysis on the above mentioned.The empirical analysis shows that transnational M & A can make up for the defects of the late start of internationalization of Chinese commercial banks and the lack of experience in transnational management through the advantages of resource integration and management experience sharing.Especially for the M & A of the target banks with large assets, we should first establish the joint venture sub-banks with the commercial banks of the host country.The international business of the joint-venture bank can be operated by holding or taking shares, which can solve the problems of financing cost, policy access, and learn advanced management experience and international methods.To sum up, the innovation of this paper is that from the perspective of individual efficiency of banks, this paper analyzes and discusses the impact of different paths on the efficiency of bank internationalization, and the research angle is relatively novel.It is concluded that in the course of the choice of internationalization path in the future, the commercial banks of our country should change to the joint venture mode of transnational merger and acquisition, supplemented by new investment and timely development of strategic alliance.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F832.33

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