FDI对中国劳动收入份额影响的区域差异研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 05:02

本文选题：劳动收入份额 + 外商直接投资　；参考：《福州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的发展,中国的外商直接投资稳步增长,然而劳动收入份额,即劳动者报酬在GDP中的比例,呈现出下降的趋势。劳动收入份额的持续下降会加剧收入分配的不平等,阻碍中国经济发展模式的转型,给经济的发展带来不稳定。直观来看,外商直接投资与劳动收入份额的变动趋势相反,这样的现象是否有着内在的联系,值得我们深入研究。作为一个幅员辽阔的发展中国家,中国不同区域的经济结构、资源禀赋、经济发展水平等方面都存在着明显的区域性差异。出于十八大及2013年两会对中国劳动收入份额下降趋势的担忧,本文研究了外商直接投资对劳动收入份额影响的区域性差异,将我国的数据分为东部、中部和西部三大经济区域。首先,本文分别对我国外商直接投资和劳动收入份额的区域性差异做了考察与分析。通过2002-2012年的省级面板数据显示,东部地区吸引的外商直接投资占比84%,中部地区占比9%,西部地区占比7%；劳动收入份额在东、中、西部地区的分布也呈现出区域的差异,西部地区最高,东部地区略高于中部地区。其次,本文在劳动力市场的均衡中,建立了外商直接投资对劳动收入份额影响的理论模型。通过数理模型的分析,我们发现,外商直接投资和劳动收入份额份额之间存在着“U”型的关系,这也与实际的数据相符合。另外,由于外资企业进入不同地区成本的不同,导致了外资企业对劳动收入份额的影响存在区域的差异,外商直接投资对劳动收入份额的影响来自于技术租借效应和工资竞争效应的相互作用。再次,基于理论模型的分析,本文选择了半参数空间计量回归模型进行实证分析。从面板数据的空间相关性检验结果来看,空间相关性显著,于是建立空间面板模型,分析FDI对劳动收入份额的影响。进一步,从理论模型分析得到FDI与劳动收入份额之间存在非线性关系,于是利用非参数方法,将FDI作为非参数变量,引入空间计量模型中,得到半参数空间计量模型来分析FDI对劳动收入份额影响的区域差异。从实证结果来看,引入非参数,提高了模型的精确度。该模型的建立和估计方法也是本文的重要创新所在。最后,根据理论模型和实证分析的结果,得出结论和建议。本文认为要提高各地区的劳动收入份额,需要根据各地区的不同情况合理引进外资,需要增加教育的投入,重视人力资本的投资,发展劳动偏向型的技术进步,需要深化国有企业改革,发挥其经济主体作用。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy, China's foreign direct investment (FDI) increases steadily. However, the share of labor income, that is, the proportion of worker's reward in GDP, shows a downward trend. The declining share of labor income will aggravate the inequality of income distribution, hinder the transformation of China's economic development model, and bring instability to the economic development. Intuitively, foreign direct investment (FDI) is opposite to the changing trend of labor income share. As a developing country with a vast territory, there are obvious regional differences in economic structure, resource endowment and economic development level in different regions of China. In view of the concern of the 18th National Congress of the National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the downward trend of China's labor income share in 2013, this paper studies the regional differences in the influence of foreign direct investment on the share of labor income, and divides the data of our country into three economic regions: eastern, central and western. Firstly, this paper investigates and analyzes the regional differences of FDI and labor income share in China. The provincial panel data from 2002 to 2012 show that the eastern region attracts 84% of foreign direct investment, 9% of the central region and 7% of the western region. The distribution of labor income shares in the east, in the middle, and in the west also shows regional differences. The western region is the highest, the eastern region is slightly higher than the central region. Secondly, in the equilibrium of labor market, this paper establishes the theoretical model of the influence of foreign direct investment on labor income share. Through the analysis of mathematical model, we find that there is a "U" type relationship between foreign direct investment and labor income share, which is consistent with the actual data. In addition, due to the different cost of foreign enterprises entering different regions, there are regional differences in the influence of foreign capital enterprises on labor income share. The effect of foreign direct investment on labor income share comes from the interaction of technology leasing effect and wage competition effect. Thirdly, based on the analysis of theoretical model, this paper chooses semi-parametric spatial econometric regression model for empirical analysis. From the spatial correlation test results of panel data, the spatial correlation is significant, so the spatial panel model is established to analyze the effect of FDI on labor income share. Further, the nonlinear relationship between FDI and labor income share is obtained from theoretical model analysis, so FDI is used as a non-parametric variable to be introduced into the spatial measurement model by non-parametric method. The semiparametric spatial measurement model is obtained to analyze the regional differences of FDI's influence on labor income share. From the empirical results, the introduction of non-parameters improves the accuracy of the model. The establishment and estimation of this model is also an important innovation in this paper. Finally, according to the theoretical model and empirical analysis results, draw conclusions and recommendations. This paper holds that in order to increase the share of labor income in various regions, it is necessary to reasonably introduce foreign capital according to the different conditions of each region, to increase the investment in education, to attach importance to the investment of human capital, and to develop labor-biased technological progress. Need to deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises, give play to its role as the main body of the economy.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F249.24;F832.6

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