农村信用社可持续发展问题研究
发布时间：2018-08-28 13:11
【摘要】：长久以来，我国经济社会发展进程呈现“重工轻农”的二元结构，城乡经济社会发展不平衡日趋显现，农村经济发展远远滞后于整个国民经济的发展。究其原因有多个方面，农村金融市场资金长期供给不足是重要原因，甚至成为制约我国农村经济快速发展的瓶颈。中央“一号文”连续10年锁定“三农”（农村、农业、农民），农村地区的经济社会发展问题越来越受到重视。建国以来，从政府干预到市场驱动，从存量改革到增量改革，国家从未止步于农村金融市场改革的探索与实践，先后建立了农业银行、农业发展银行、邮政储蓄、农村信用社、村镇银行等相对完备的金融机构。在众多金融机构中，农村信用社已成为农村金融名副其实的主力军。2003年6月，国务院印发了《深化农村信用社改革试点方案》，，拉开了农村信用社改革的序幕。近10年来，农村信用社凭借快速的市场反应、灵活的管理机制，取得了高速发展，经营状况明显好转，资产规模增长了6.82倍，在农村金融市场中占得了主要市场份额。截至2013年，全国共有农村信用联社1803家、农村合作银行122家、农村商业银行468家，已是农村金融市场中最活跃、最丰富的元素，成为支撑社会主义新农村建设和服务“三农”的中坚力量，为促进农村经济和农村金融的发展做出了重要贡献。 但是近年来，农村信用社在改革和发展过程中遇到了一系列外部和内部问题，矛盾日益凸显，严重制约了农村信用社的发展。本文基于农村信用社的可持续发展问题，首先阐述了选题的背景及意义，简要概述了基本理论和研究思路、方法；然后从金融共生理论角度对农村信用社与农户、农村中小企业、其他商业银行及国家政策的共生状况进行了分析，从企业治理理论角度对产权关系、省联社角色、内部人控制等方面对农村信用社内部治理现状进行了分析，以山东省农村信用社20家法人机构一段时期的经营数据和相关资料为标本，运用因子分析法及SPSS17.0数据统计软件对影响农村信用社外部和内部因素进行了实证分析，从中找出制约其可持续发展的外部环境因素和内部治理存在的问题；总结了孟加拉乡村银行、美国社区银行和德意志合作银行等类似银行机构的成功经验以及对我国农村信用社改革发展的启示；最后从坚持市场定位、创新产品服务、加大政府扶持、深化体制改革、健全激励约束和信息披露机制、防控金融风险等方面提出了应对措施，以促进农村信用社的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the process of economic and social development in our country has presented a dualistic structure of "emphasizing industry and neglecting agriculture". The imbalance of economic and social development between urban and rural areas appears day by day, and the development of rural economy lags far behind the development of the whole national economy. There are many reasons for this. The shortage of funds in rural financial market is an important reason, and even a bottleneck restricting the rapid development of rural economy. For 10 years in a row, the "No.1 text" of the Central Committee locked in the "three rural areas" (rural, agriculture, farmers), rural areas of economic and social development issues have been paid more and more attention. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, from government intervention to market drive, from stock reform to incremental reform, the country has never stopped from the exploration and practice of rural financial market reform, and has successively established the Agricultural Bank, Agricultural Development Bank, Postal savings, Rural Credit Cooperatives. Village banks and other relatively complete financial institutions. Among many financial institutions, rural credit cooperatives have become the main force of rural finance worthy of its name. In June 2003, the State Council issued the "pilot Plan for deepening the Reform of Rural Credit Cooperatives", which opened the prelude to the reform of rural credit cooperatives. In the past 10 years, rural credit cooperatives have made rapid development with rapid market response and flexible management mechanism, and their operating conditions have obviously improved. The scale of assets has increased by 6.82 times, accounting for the main market share in the rural financial market. As of 2013, there were 1803 rural credit unions, 122 rural cooperative banks and 468 rural commercial banks, which have become the most active and abundant elements in the rural financial market. It has become the backbone to support the construction and service of the new socialist countryside, and has made important contributions to promoting the development of rural economy and rural finance. However, in recent years, rural credit cooperatives have encountered a series of external and internal problems in the process of reform and development, and the contradictions have become increasingly prominent, seriously restricting the development of rural credit cooperatives. Based on the sustainable development of rural credit cooperatives, this paper first describes the background and significance of the topic, briefly outlines the basic theory and research ideas, methods, and then from the perspective of financial symbiosis theory of rural credit cooperatives and farmers, This paper analyzes the symbiosis of rural small and medium-sized enterprises, other commercial banks and national policies, and analyzes the present situation of rural credit cooperatives' internal governance from the angle of corporate governance theory, such as the relationship of property rights, the role of provincial cooperatives, the control of insiders, and so on. Based on the management data and related data of 20 legal institutions of Shandong Rural Credit Cooperative, this paper makes an empirical analysis of the external and internal factors affecting rural credit cooperatives by using factor analysis and SPSS17.0 data statistics software. In this paper, we find out the external environmental factors that restrict its sustainable development and the problems existing in its internal governance, and sum up the Bangladesh Grameen Bank. The successful experiences of similar banking institutions such as American Community Bank and Deutsche Cooperative Bank and their enlightenment to the reform and development of rural credit cooperatives in China; finally, from insisting on market orientation, innovating products and services, increasing government support, deepening the reform of the system, In order to promote the sustainable development of rural credit cooperatives, this paper puts forward some countermeasures to improve the incentive and restriction mechanism, information disclosure mechanism, prevention and control of financial risks and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.35
[Abstract]:For a long time, the process of economic and social development in our country has presented a dualistic structure of "emphasizing industry and neglecting agriculture". The imbalance of economic and social development between urban and rural areas appears day by day, and the development of rural economy lags far behind the development of the whole national economy. There are many reasons for this. The shortage of funds in rural financial market is an important reason, and even a bottleneck restricting the rapid development of rural economy. For 10 years in a row, the "No.1 text" of the Central Committee locked in the "three rural areas" (rural, agriculture, farmers), rural areas of economic and social development issues have been paid more and more attention. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, from government intervention to market drive, from stock reform to incremental reform, the country has never stopped from the exploration and practice of rural financial market reform, and has successively established the Agricultural Bank, Agricultural Development Bank, Postal savings, Rural Credit Cooperatives. Village banks and other relatively complete financial institutions. Among many financial institutions, rural credit cooperatives have become the main force of rural finance worthy of its name. In June 2003, the State Council issued the "pilot Plan for deepening the Reform of Rural Credit Cooperatives", which opened the prelude to the reform of rural credit cooperatives. In the past 10 years, rural credit cooperatives have made rapid development with rapid market response and flexible management mechanism, and their operating conditions have obviously improved. The scale of assets has increased by 6.82 times, accounting for the main market share in the rural financial market. As of 2013, there were 1803 rural credit unions, 122 rural cooperative banks and 468 rural commercial banks, which have become the most active and abundant elements in the rural financial market. It has become the backbone to support the construction and service of the new socialist countryside, and has made important contributions to promoting the development of rural economy and rural finance. However, in recent years, rural credit cooperatives have encountered a series of external and internal problems in the process of reform and development, and the contradictions have become increasingly prominent, seriously restricting the development of rural credit cooperatives. Based on the sustainable development of rural credit cooperatives, this paper first describes the background and significance of the topic, briefly outlines the basic theory and research ideas, methods, and then from the perspective of financial symbiosis theory of rural credit cooperatives and farmers, This paper analyzes the symbiosis of rural small and medium-sized enterprises, other commercial banks and national policies, and analyzes the present situation of rural credit cooperatives' internal governance from the angle of corporate governance theory, such as the relationship of property rights, the role of provincial cooperatives, the control of insiders, and so on. Based on the management data and related data of 20 legal institutions of Shandong Rural Credit Cooperative, this paper makes an empirical analysis of the external and internal factors affecting rural credit cooperatives by using factor analysis and SPSS17.0 data statistics software. In this paper, we find out the external environmental factors that restrict its sustainable development and the problems existing in its internal governance, and sum up the Bangladesh Grameen Bank. The successful experiences of similar banking institutions such as American Community Bank and Deutsche Cooperative Bank and their enlightenment to the reform and development of rural credit cooperatives in China; finally, from insisting on market orientation, innovating products and services, increasing government support, deepening the reform of the system, In order to promote the sustainable development of rural credit cooperatives, this paper puts forward some countermeasures to improve the incentive and restriction mechanism, information disclosure mechanism, prevention and control of financial risks and so on.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F832.35
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 张庆昌;傅再育;;中国上市公司盈利能力模型分析[J];贵州财经学院学报;2006年01期
2 郭R
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