互联网金融背景下商业银行盈利模式研究
发布时间：2019-05-11 14:41
【摘要】：随着互联网金融的快速发展,互联网金融市场的异军可谓是层出不穷,第三方支付结算业务、网络借贷业务、网络资产管理业务的兴起,互联网金融行业以各种创新的模式分割着商业银行的市场,蚕食着原有的客户和商业银行的利润。新形势下,商业银行盈利能力受到了冲击,传统的利差收入逐步收窄,服务模式受到冲击,收入结构发生巨大变化,再加上2017年以来大环境对银行监管的持续加码,商业银行要想在互联网金融竞争中取得生存并不断发展,迫切需要对盈利模式进行优化调整,对自身发展重新梳理,优化盈利结构,构建新的盈利模式。本文首先从互联网金融和盈利模式的概念入手,对互联网金融的含义、我国互联网金融的现状与问题及互联网金融发展的商业盈利模式进行了具体介绍。其次,对盈利模式的基本理论和核心五要素:利润对象(客户范围),利润源(收入来源),利润点(客户价值),利润杠杆(经营活动),利润屏障(盈利能力和成长能力)进行详细分析。在此基础上,以中原银行作为商业银行为例对其互联网金融背景下发展概况进行研究,先对其发展历程和目前发展面临的外部形式进行简要分析再通过2016年,2017年和招商银行、民生银行的数据对比,最后得出中原银行在互联金融背景下利差收入逐步收窄,成本管理控制加强,手续费及佣金净收入等中间业务收入呈现的上升趋势,说明中原银行的盈利模式已有了一定的转变,其中,中间业务收入的贡献度相对整个银行利润逐步增加,但是净利息收入还是相对较小。因此得出结论:包括中原银行在内的商业银行应抓住机遇,积极创新,转变盈利模式,提高自身的核心竞争力。在中原银行盈利模式分析部分,首先对中原银行盈利模式核心五要素的客群范围,收入来源,业务体系,经营活动,盈利能力进行具体分析。随后以2017年的各项经营指标数据,从资产项、负债项分析了中原银行的收入和盈利能力。中原银行上市后,对盈利模式进行转型优化,制定了应对互联网金融的创新战略,如永续贷、中原秒贷的推出,智慧型社区银行的建立和CRM客户管理系统,全产业链合作的施行,使得2017年中原银行零售银行业务,公司银行业务和金融市场业务都得到了大幅度提升,未来发展态势尚好。但是取得成绩的同时,中原银行的盈利模式仍存在问题,如收入结构不合理,资本质量仍需提升。最后在全文分析的基础上,对中原银行盈利模式评价并提出后续优化建议:一是合理定位,寻求突破。二是积极拓展中间业务。三是提高风控能力建立长效机制。四是发掘培养人才重视队伍建设。五是创新金融产品,发挥中原银行“小微金融特色”。六是关注平台建设,线上线下相结合。这些也对当前我国其他商业银行的盈利模式进一步转变有一定的借鉴和参考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of Internet finance, the foreign troops in the Internet financial market can be described as the rise of third-party payment and settlement business, network lending business, network asset management business. The Internet financial industry divides the market of commercial banks with various innovative modes and eats into the profits of the original customers and commercial banks. Under the new situation, the profitability of commercial banks has been impacted, the traditional spread income has gradually narrowed, the service model has been impacted, and great changes have taken place in the income structure, coupled with the continuous increase in bank supervision by the general environment since 2017. In order to survive and continue to develop in the Internet financial competition, commercial banks urgently need to optimize and adjust the profit model, re-comb their own development, optimize the profit structure, and construct a new profit model. Starting with the concepts of Internet finance and profit model, this paper introduces the meaning of Internet finance, the present situation and problems of Internet finance in China and the commercial profit model of the development of Internet finance. Secondly, the basic theory and core five elements of profit model: profit object (customer scope), profit source (income source), profit point (customer value), profit lever (business activity), The profit barrier (profitability and growth ability) is analyzed in detail. On this basis, taking Zhongyuan Bank as a commercial bank as an example, this paper studies the development situation of Zhongyuan Bank under the background of Internet finance, first makes a brief analysis of its development process and the external forms of its current development, and then through 2016, 2017 and China Merchants Bank, By comparing the data of Minsheng Bank, it is concluded that the interest rate spread income of Zhongyuan Bank has gradually narrowed, the cost management control has been strengthened, and the intermediate business income, such as fees and commission net income, has shown an upward trend under the background of interconnection finance. It shows that the profit model of Zhongyuan Bank has changed to a certain extent, in which the contribution of intermediate business income is gradually increased compared with the whole bank profit, but the net interest income is still relatively small. Therefore, it is concluded that commercial banks, including Zhongyuan Bank, should seize the opportunity, actively innovate, change the profit model and improve their core competitiveness. In the part of profit model analysis of Zhongyuan Bank, this paper first analyzes the customer range, income source, business system, business activities and profitability of the core five elements of Zhongyuan Bank profit model. Then, based on the operating index data of 2017, this paper analyzes the income and profitability of Zhongyuan Bank from assets and liabilities. After the listing of Zhongyuan Bank, the profit model was transformed and optimized, and innovative strategies to deal with Internet finance were formulated, such as sustainable loan, the introduction of Zhongyuan second loan, the establishment of intelligent community bank and CRM customer management system. With the implementation of the cooperation of the whole industrial chain, the retail banking business of Zhongyuan Bank, the banking business and the financial market business of Zhongyuan Bank have been greatly improved in 2017, and the future development situation is still good. However, at the same time, there are still problems in the profit model of Zhongyuan Bank. If the income structure is unreasonable, the quality of capital still needs to be improved. Finally, on the basis of the full text analysis, the profit model of Zhongyuan Bank is evaluated and the following optimization suggestions are put forward: first, reasonable positioning, seeking breakthrough. Second, actively expand intermediate business. Third, improve the ability of risk control to establish a long-term mechanism. Fourth, excavate and train talents and attach importance to the construction of the team. The fifth is to innovate financial products and give full play to the "small and micro financial characteristics" of Zhongyuan Bank. Sixth, pay attention to the construction of the platform, online and offline combination. These also have certain reference and reference for the further transformation of the profit model of other commercial banks in our country.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2018
【分类号】：F832.33;F830.42
本文编号：2474577
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of Internet finance, the foreign troops in the Internet financial market can be described as the rise of third-party payment and settlement business, network lending business, network asset management business. The Internet financial industry divides the market of commercial banks with various innovative modes and eats into the profits of the original customers and commercial banks. Under the new situation, the profitability of commercial banks has been impacted, the traditional spread income has gradually narrowed, the service model has been impacted, and great changes have taken place in the income structure, coupled with the continuous increase in bank supervision by the general environment since 2017. In order to survive and continue to develop in the Internet financial competition, commercial banks urgently need to optimize and adjust the profit model, re-comb their own development, optimize the profit structure, and construct a new profit model. Starting with the concepts of Internet finance and profit model, this paper introduces the meaning of Internet finance, the present situation and problems of Internet finance in China and the commercial profit model of the development of Internet finance. Secondly, the basic theory and core five elements of profit model: profit object (customer scope), profit source (income source), profit point (customer value), profit lever (business activity), The profit barrier (profitability and growth ability) is analyzed in detail. On this basis, taking Zhongyuan Bank as a commercial bank as an example, this paper studies the development situation of Zhongyuan Bank under the background of Internet finance, first makes a brief analysis of its development process and the external forms of its current development, and then through 2016, 2017 and China Merchants Bank, By comparing the data of Minsheng Bank, it is concluded that the interest rate spread income of Zhongyuan Bank has gradually narrowed, the cost management control has been strengthened, and the intermediate business income, such as fees and commission net income, has shown an upward trend under the background of interconnection finance. It shows that the profit model of Zhongyuan Bank has changed to a certain extent, in which the contribution of intermediate business income is gradually increased compared with the whole bank profit, but the net interest income is still relatively small. Therefore, it is concluded that commercial banks, including Zhongyuan Bank, should seize the opportunity, actively innovate, change the profit model and improve their core competitiveness. In the part of profit model analysis of Zhongyuan Bank, this paper first analyzes the customer range, income source, business system, business activities and profitability of the core five elements of Zhongyuan Bank profit model. Then, based on the operating index data of 2017, this paper analyzes the income and profitability of Zhongyuan Bank from assets and liabilities. After the listing of Zhongyuan Bank, the profit model was transformed and optimized, and innovative strategies to deal with Internet finance were formulated, such as sustainable loan, the introduction of Zhongyuan second loan, the establishment of intelligent community bank and CRM customer management system. With the implementation of the cooperation of the whole industrial chain, the retail banking business of Zhongyuan Bank, the banking business and the financial market business of Zhongyuan Bank have been greatly improved in 2017, and the future development situation is still good. However, at the same time, there are still problems in the profit model of Zhongyuan Bank. If the income structure is unreasonable, the quality of capital still needs to be improved. Finally, on the basis of the full text analysis, the profit model of Zhongyuan Bank is evaluated and the following optimization suggestions are put forward: first, reasonable positioning, seeking breakthrough. Second, actively expand intermediate business. Third, improve the ability of risk control to establish a long-term mechanism. Fourth, excavate and train talents and attach importance to the construction of the team. The fifth is to innovate financial products and give full play to the "small and micro financial characteristics" of Zhongyuan Bank. Sixth, pay attention to the construction of the platform, online and offline combination. These also have certain reference and reference for the further transformation of the profit model of other commercial banks in our country.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2018
【分类号】：F832.33;F830.42
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