长三角地区金融机构网络分布格局与扩张机理——以城市商业银行为例

在区域一体化背景下，金融资源跨区域流动日益频繁，对金融机构产生了提供跨区域服务的需求。在理想状况下，金融机构将完全按市场化需求布局，但现实中会受到边界和政策的阻碍。本文以城市商业银行为例，，借鉴金融地理学的相关理论，应用网络分析方法剖析了金融机构在一体化区域中的分布格局及扩张机理。基于2007-2013年长三角地区16市金融机构发展状况和城市商业银行分布数据，构建了城市商业银行布局网络，并进一步测量了边界效应和结构洞有效规模。结果显示①长三角地区城市商业银行分布层级明显，异地经营逐渐增多，有突破江浙省界的趋势；除上海金融中心作用凸显之外，南京、杭州、宁波和台州也成为金融机构网络中的重要空间节点。②除政策管制占主导因素之外，城市金融需求、历史文化以及城市商业银行自身规模、股权结构和战略定位对其扩张路径也有重要影响。研究区域人均贷款、文化差异、地方财政收入自治率均对金融机构扩张有显著的影响，金融业比重、人均GDP和行政边界则并无显著作用。

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