基于动态视角中国制造业贸易条件与比较优势关系的研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 05:06

本文关键词：基于动态视角中国制造业贸易条件与比较优势关系的研究　出处：《南京财经大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着中国制成品贸易量的快速增长,中国制造业贸易条件的变化趋势如何以及中国贸易条件是恶化还是改善等问题引起了众多学者的关注。此外,中国虽贵为出口大国,但却不是贸易强国。有学者质疑中国是否陷入了比较优势陷阱”。对此,许多学者开始研究动态比较优势,他们认为一国的比较优势在长期是动态变化的,一国想要在国际市场中获得更多的贸易利益,必须遵循动态比较优势。因此研究中国比较优势的动态变化趋势,以及中国比较优势的动态性与中国制造业贸易条件之间的关系很有意义。衡量一国的贸易条件,一般采用价格贸易条件指数、收入贸易条件指数和要素贸易条件指数,本文首先对这三大指标进行了简单概述。分析动态比较优势理论时,本文先根据已有的研究对动态比较优势理论进行了界定。继而建立动态比较优势理论模型,从生产要素、技术创新和规模经济三个方面分析比较优势的动态性。在分析贸易条件变动与比较优势动态化关系时,文章建立了两个理论模型,首先是贸易条件确定模型,通过模型推导得出三大贸易条件指数变化与比较优势动态化因素密切相关。其次是贸易条件变动模型,假定发展中国家和发达国家在长期发展中比较优势发生了转变,比较优势优势变动之后的结果是发展中国家的价格贸易条件与初始状态相比恶化了,但收入贸易条件和要素贸易条件却能得到改善。根据第二章的理论模型,文章选取1990-2013年中国制造业进出口额测算中国制造业贸易条件变动趋势,测定结果显示中国制造业的贸易条件在过去24年整体上得到了改善。在分析中国制造业比较优势现状时,选取了显性比较优势指标、拉菲指数和产业内专业化指标,计算结果表明中国制造业比较优势逐年上升。通过绘图发现中国制造业的贸易条件指数与比较优势指数基本呈显性关系。第四章建立了比较优势动态能力评价体系分析中国比较优势动态能力,计算结果表明,中国比较优势动态能力在劳动力禀赋优势、资本禀赋优势、技术创新优势和规模经济优势的拉动下呈上升趋势。通过实证分析,表明提高中国比较优势动态能力能改善中国制造业贸易条件,两者之间成正相关关系。最后本文根据全文分析结果结合中国实际情况从从要素禀赋、技术创新和规模经济三个方面提出了相关政策建。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of China's manufacturing trade volume, the changing trend of China's manufacturing terms of trade and the deterioration or improvement of China's terms of trade have attracted the attention of many scholars. Although China is an expensive export country, it is not a trade power. Some scholars question whether China has fallen into the trap of comparative advantage. "in this regard, many scholars have begun to study dynamic comparative advantage. They believe that a country's comparative advantage is dynamic in the long run, and that if a country wants to gain more trade benefits in the international market, it must follow the dynamic comparative advantage. The relationship between the dynamic nature of China's comparative advantage and the terms of trade of China's manufacturing industry is very meaningful. The terms of trade of a country are generally measured by the price terms of trade index. Income terms of trade index and factor terms of trade index, this paper first briefly summarized these three indicators, when analyzing the dynamic comparative advantage theory. In this paper, the dynamic comparative advantage theory is defined according to the existing research, and then the dynamic comparative advantage theory model is established from the production factors. This paper analyzes the dynamic nature of comparative advantage from three aspects of technological innovation and scale economy. When analyzing the dynamic relationship between the change of terms of trade and the dynamic of comparative advantage, this paper establishes two theoretical models, first of all, the deterministic model of terms of trade. It is concluded that the three major terms of trade index changes are closely related to the dynamic factors of comparative advantage, followed by the terms of trade change model. Assuming that the comparative advantage of both developing and developed countries has changed in the long term, the result of the change in comparative advantage is that the price terms of trade of developing countries have deteriorated compared with the initial state. However, the terms of trade and the terms of trade of factors can be improved. This paper calculates the change trend of the terms of trade of China's manufacturing industry from 1990 to 2013. The results show that the terms of trade of China's manufacturing industry have improved in the past 24 years. In the analysis of the current situation of comparative advantage of Chinese manufacturing industry, the dominant comparative advantage index is selected. The Lafite Index and Intra-industry specialization indicators. The calculated results show that the comparative advantage of Chinese manufacturing industry is increasing year by year. It is found by drawing that the terms of trade index and comparative advantage index of Chinese manufacturing industry are basically dominant. Chapter 4th establishes the comparative advantage dynamic ability evaluation body. The dynamic capability of China's comparative advantage is analyzed. The results show that China's comparative advantage dynamic ability is on the rise under the pull of labor endowment advantage, capital endowment advantage, technological innovation advantage and scale economy advantage. It shows that improving the dynamic capability of China's comparative advantage can improve the terms of trade of China's manufacturing industry, and there is a positive correlation between the two. Finally, according to the results of the full-text analysis and the actual situation of China, this paper starts from the factor endowment. Three aspects of technological innovation and scale economy are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：南京财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F424;F752.6

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