美国对华“双反”调查贸易限制效应研究

发布时间：2018-01-30 21:06

本文关键词： 贸易摩擦 “双反”调查贸易限制效应出口量　出处：《东华大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着中国加入世界贸易组织，其对外贸易取得了举世瞩目的成就。对外货物贸易总额从1978年的206.4亿美元到2013年的41603.1亿美元增长了200多倍，一跃成为世界货物贸易的第一大国。我国在享受着WTO倡导的贸易自由化带来的便利与好处的同时，也遭受着越来越多的贸易救济调查，在众成员国中，美国是对华发起贸易救济调查最多的国家。并且随着时代的变迁，其对我国贸易救济调查手段也随之进行了变化。2006年以前，我国遭遇最多的贸易救济调查是其对我国出口产品进行的反倾销调查。2006年随着美国打破对非市场经济国家不适用反补贴法的政策，首次对我国的铜版纸进行了反补贴调查，开创了对我国出口产品进行反补贴与反倾销合并调查的先例后。“双反”调查成为美国对我国进行贸易救济调查的新手段，此后美国频繁的对中国的出口产品进行“双反”调查，特别是2008年国际金融危机的爆发，更是加大了美国对华“双反”调查的力度，截止到2014年7月，美国已对华进行了44起“双反”调查。美国对华进行“双反”调查并且征收高额的“双反”税率，限制了我国对美国相关产品的出口，，影响了我国对外经济的发展，对我国国内相关政策的制定与实施产生了影响，同时还影响了中美两国经贸关系的健康发展，因此研究美国对华频繁进行“双反”调查的原因，“双反”调查对我国的影响以及我国应如何应对“双反”调查等问题并找到答案就显得及其重要。并且可以为我国经济和对外贸易的健康发展提供理论依据和政策参考，因此本文也有着非常重要的现实意义。本文首先对目前国内外学者对“双反”的研究进行了简单的综述，然后从理论上分析了“双反”调查产生的四类贸易效应并且建立一个动态博弈模型，着重分析了贸易限制效应。第三部分首先对美国对华发起“双反”调查的发展历程并对截止2014年7月美国对华以及对外所有“双反”案件进行了统计，阐述了美国对华“双反”调查的现状并通过对比得出美国对华“双反”调查特点最后对美国对华频繁进行“双反”调查的原因进行了分析。接下来的部分为论文的重点部分，第四部分对美国对华从2006年至2013年进行“双反”调查的产品的出口额进行了描述性统计分析，可以看出遭受“双反”调查的产品大部分都产生了贸易限制效应，但是贸易限制效果的持续性却不同。第五部分选取截止2011年美国对华进行的30起“双反”调查的涉案产品的面板数据对美国对华“双反”调查的限制效应进行了实证分析，结果表明“双反”调查不管结果如何都有一个贸易调查效应，减少中国产品的出口，“双反”征收的税率越多，贸易限制效应越大。最后论文根据前面的分析分别从企业和政府两方面提出了应对双反调查的措施。
[Abstract]:With China's accession to the World Trade Organization. Its foreign trade has made remarkable achievements. The total volume of foreign trade in goods increased by more than 200 times from US $20.64 billion in 1978 to US $four tillion one hundred and sixty billion three hundred and ten million in 2013. China is enjoying the convenience and benefit of the trade liberalization advocated by WTO, but also suffers more and more trade relief investigations, among the member countries. The United States is the country that initiated the most trade relief survey to China. And with the change of the times, the means of trade relief investigation on our country have also changed. Before 2006. In 2006, the United States broke the policy of not applying countervailing law to non-market economy countries. The countervailing investigation of coated paper in China was carried out for the first time. After creating a precedent of combining countervailing and antidumping investigations into our export products, the "double countervailing" investigation has become a new means for the United States to carry out trade relief investigations against China. Since then, the United States has frequently carried out "double opposition" investigations on China's exports, especially the outbreak of the international financial crisis in 2008, which has increased the strength of the "double opposition" investigation into China by the United States. By July 2014, the United States had conducted 44 double-counter investigations into China. The United States has carried out "double counter" investigation on China and levied a high "double counter" tax rate, which has restricted China's exports of related products to the United States and affected the development of China's foreign economy. At the same time, it also affects the healthy development of Sino-US economic and trade relations. Therefore, it studies the reasons why the United States frequently carries out "double negative" investigation on China. The influence of "double reaction" investigation on our country and how to deal with it. It is very important to investigate and find out the questions, and it can provide the theoretical basis and policy reference for the healthy development of our economy and foreign trade. Therefore, this paper also has very important practical significance. In this paper, the current domestic and foreign scholars' research on "double reaction" is briefly reviewed, and then the four kinds of trade effects caused by "double reaction" investigation are theoretically analyzed and a dynamic game model is established. In the third part, the author analyzes the development course of the "double reaction" investigation initiated by the United States against China and makes statistics on all the "double reaction" cases of the United States against China and foreign countries as of July 2014. This paper expounds the present situation of American "double opposition" investigation into China, and draws the conclusion that the characteristics of American "double opposition" investigation into China are frequently carried out by the United States in the end, "double opposition" to China is frequently carried out by the United States. The reasons for the investigation are analyzed. The next part is the key part of the paper. In the 4th part, the author makes a descriptive statistical analysis of the export value of the products from 2006 to 2013 of the "double counter" survey conducted by the United States of America to China. It can be seen that most of the products subject to the "double reaction" survey have had a trade restriction effect. However, the persistence of trade restrictions is different. 5th selected panel data of 30 cases of "double counter" surveys conducted by the United States against China as of 2011. The limited effect of the investigation is empirically analyzed. The results show that no matter what the results of the "double reaction" survey has a trade survey effect, reduce the export of Chinese products, "double reaction" tax rate is more. Finally, according to the previous analysis, the paper puts forward the measures to deal with the double reverse investigation from the two aspects of enterprises and government respectively.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F757.12;F752.02

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