美印服务业产业内贸易水平比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 04:32

本文选题：美国　切入点：印度　出处：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从20世纪80年代开始,全球服务贸易进入一个新的发展阶段,货物贸易增加额已经落后于服务贸易,世界经济的重心也逐渐从货物贸易转向服务贸易,服务贸易被一些学者赋予了全球经济增长“新引擎”的称号。服务贸易作为拉动经济增长的新动力,那么各国为了繁荣本国经济就不免要和其他国家在该领域展开激烈竞争。发达国家在服务贸易和货物贸易的发展上比较均衡,特别是美国,很早就开始发展服务贸易,并且在服务贸易领域有很强的比较优势。发达经济体的服务贸易占GDP的比重高达70%-80%,服务贸易的顺差很大程度上弥补了其在货物贸易上的短板,发展中国家的这一比例较低,但是近年来也有上升趋势。本文选取的研究对象是美国和印度,这两个国家在服务贸易发展上十分具有代表性,美国作为全球服务贸易的第一大国,经过多年的积累不仅在传统服务贸易领域具备非常强的综合竞争力,而且在新型服务贸易的发展上也表现出强劲态势;印度虽然为发展中国家,但是印度在服务贸易的发展中凭借独特的服务外包模式成为了一个服务贸易强国。美国和印度都在服务贸易领域取得了巨大成功,但是服务业产业内贸易发展水平却不尽相同,本文主要从以下几个方面来研究美印的产业内贸易水平:第二章从美印服务贸易的发展现状和特点两个方面阐述了这两个国家的服务贸易概况,并借助显示性比较优势指数(RCA指数)和贸易竞争力指数(TC指数)对两国服务贸易的竞争力情况做了分析。第三章和第四章分别从产业内贸易的静态衡量指标G-L指数和动态衡量指标MIIT指数、HIIT指数、VIIT指数对美印的服务业产业内贸易水平进行了比较研究,测算结果显示美印两国在旅游服务、运输服务、建筑服务、其他商业服务等传统型服务贸易领域的产业内贸易水平都很高,而在各自具有比较优势和竞争力水平不高的服务贸易部门中产业内贸易指数不高,表现出产业间贸易的贸易模式。在第五章中,笔者针对美印的服务业产业内贸易的发展经验提出了几点带给我们中国的启示。
[Abstract]:Since 1980s, the global trade in services has entered a new stage of development, the increase of trade in goods has lagged behind trade in services, and the focus of the world economy has gradually shifted from trade in goods to trade in services. Trade in services has been given the title of "new engine" of global economic growth by some scholars. Trade in services serves as a new driving force for economic growth. Well, in order to prosper their own economies, countries inevitably have to engage in fierce competition with other countries in this field. Developed countries have a more balanced development of trade in services and goods, especially the United States, which began to develop trade in services very early. And it has a strong comparative advantage in the field of trade in services. The proportion of trade in services in GDP in developed economies is as high as 70% to 80%. The surplus in trade in services to a large extent makes up for the shortcomings of its trade in goods, which is relatively low in developing countries. However, in recent years, there has also been an upward trend. The research objects of this paper are the United States and India, which are very representative in the development of trade in services. The United States is the largest country in the world trade in services. After years of accumulation, India not only has a very strong comprehensive competitiveness in the field of traditional trade in services, but also shows a strong trend in the development of new trade in services; although India is a developing country, However, in the development of service trade, India has become a powerful country in services trade by virtue of its unique service outsourcing model. Both the United States and India have achieved great success in the field of trade in services, but the level of development of intra-industry trade in services is not the same. This paper mainly studies the level of intra-industry trade between the United States and India from the following aspects: chapter two expounds the general situation of the service trade of the two countries from the development status and characteristics of the service trade between the United States and India. The competitiveness of service trade between the two countries is analyzed by means of the comparative advantage index (RCA index) and the trade competitiveness index (TC index). Chapter 3 and chapter 4th respectively from the static measurement of intra-industry trade G-L index. A comparative study on the level of intra-industry trade in services between the United States and India was carried out by using the MIIT index and the dynamic measurement index. The results show that the United States and India have a high level of intra-industry trade in traditional services trade such as tourism services, transport services, construction services, other commercial services, etc. However, the intra-industry trade index is not high in the service trade sectors with their respective comparative advantages and low level of competitiveness, which shows the trade pattern of inter-industry trade. In Chapter 5th, The author puts forward some enlightenments to China in view of the development experience of intra-industry trade in service industry of America and India.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F746.18

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