居家养老机构运营效率评价研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 19:12

本文选题：居家养老　切入点：指标体系　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前,我国人口老龄化形势严峻,“老有所养”已成为我国重要的社会民生问题。居家养老模式可以充分利用社区资源,节约政府投资,提高养老服务供给质量,是我国养老服务体系建设的基础。但居家养老机构的运营也存在一些问题,譬如运营过程不规范、监督评价体系不健全、服务质量及运营效率偏低等,均会影响机构的发展。因此,对居家养老机构的运营效率进行评价,以提高养老资源利用率,帮助政府有效监管机构,促进机构运营规范化,提高老年人满意度,是需要解决的重点问题。当前,对于居家养老机构运营效率,国外学者已有成熟的研究结论,但是中外养老服务体系、保障制度、经济文化等存在差异,其成果在我国的应用有待考证;国内学者的研究集中于居家养老机构的服务质量、绩效评价等,较少关注运营效率,一方面是居家养老机构的推广时间短,另一方面是居家养老服务具有无形、异质、易变动等特点,难以确定统一的评价体系。同时,机构的非营利属性使其效率评价原则及体系不同于一般盈利组织。因此,如何保证效率评价体系的科学性和客观性是居家养老机构运营效率评价的重点和难点。本文主要基于投入产出视角研究居家养老机构的运营效率评价体系及模型的构建,研究内容具体为:(1)构建居家养老机构的评价指标体系。因居家养老机构属非营利组织,效率评价不以利润最大化为衡量标准,需要考虑其服务质量及社会效益等因素,基于此,本文通过实地调研了解居家养老机构的运营流程,针对流程设计问卷,进行专家访谈等获取数据,构建指标体系。(2)建立居家养老机构运营效率评价模型。本文研究的居家养老机构运营效率包括综合效率、技术效率及规模效率等,故选用数据包络分析中的CCR、BCC以及超效率等模型进行评价,以获得多方面的居家养老机构运营效率信息;同时,基于投入冗余与产出不足视角,深层次分析运营低效率机构的提升策略和效率调整方案。(3)居家养老机构效率评价模型的案例分析。以A市居家养老机构为例,基于构建的效率评价模型进行居家养老机构的效率分析,并探索其效率提升策略及机构运营规范化对策。通过实例测算,验证居家养老机构效率评价模型的科学性及可行性。本文的研究结论:构建了居家养老机构运营效率评价模型,扩宽了居家养老机构的绩效研究领域。通过模型评价A市的居家养老机构运营效率,得到运营有效性结果,对30家机构进行效率排序,得到机构的投入冗余量、产出不足量、规模效率等多方面信息。本文所构建的模型可以分析出以往的传统评价方式难以获取的信息,更合理且适用于实际情况,体现了模型的应用价值。本文研究旨在构建科学有效的居家养老机构运营效率评价模型,完善的居家养老机构效率评价模型及机制可以反映出居家养老机构的整体经营状况,帮助其进行质量改进;是政府监督管理居家养老机构的有效工具,有助于为政府优化配置养老资源提供重要数据参考。
[Abstract]:At present, China's aging population situation is grim, "security" has become an important social problem in our country. Home care model can make full use of community resources, save the government investment, improve the pension service quality, is the basic pension service system in our country. But the home care agency operation also has some problems, such as the operation process is not standardized, supervision and evaluation system is not perfect, the service quality and the operating efficiency is low, will affect the development of institutions. Therefore, evaluation of home care organizations to improve operational efficiency, raise the utilization rate of old resources, help organizations effective government regulation, promote the standardized operation mechanism, improve the satisfaction of the elderly is. The key problems need to be solved. At present, the operation efficiency of home care agencies, conclusion has been mature foreign scholars, but the foreign old-age service system, security system, Economic and cultural differences, the results need to be verified in China; domestic researches focused on home care services quality, performance evaluation, pay less attention to operational efficiency, on the one hand is the home care agency promotion time is short, the other is home-based care services are intangible, heterogeneous, dynamic and changeable the characteristics, it is difficult to determine a unified evaluation system. At the same time, the non-profit attribute mechanism makes its efficiency evaluation principle and the system is different from the general profit organization. Therefore, how to ensure the efficiency of the evaluation system of the scientific and objectivity is the focus and difficulty in the pension institutions operating efficiency evaluation. This paper is mainly based on the construction of investment system and operation efficiency model study on the evaluation mechanism of the old-age home output perspective, the research content is as follows: (1) construction of endowment institutions evaluation index system. For home care agencies is a non-profit To evaluate the efficiency of organization, not to maximize the profit as the standard, need to consider factors, the service quality and social benefits on the basis of this, this paper through the investigation about home care agencies operating procedures for the process design of questionnaire, expert interview data, construct the index system. (2) the establishment of home care agencies operating efficiency the evaluation model of operational efficiency. Home care agencies in this paper including the comprehensive efficiency, technical efficiency and scale efficiency, so the selection of data envelopment analysis CCR, BCC and super efficiency model to evaluate the operational efficiency of information for home care agencies in many aspects; at the same time, input redundancy and output deficiency based on the perspective of the deep analysis of low efficiency of operation mechanism and strategies to enhance the efficiency of adjustment programs. (3) analysis of the efficiency evaluation model of home care agencies in case. A city residents pension institutions as an example, Analyze the efficiency of home care agencies to evaluate the efficiency of construction based on the model, and explore the countermeasures to enhance the efficiency of organization strategy and operational norms. Through the example calculation, and verify the feasibility of home scientific efficiency evaluation model of pension institutions. The conclusion of this study: to construct the operational efficiency evaluation model of home care institutions, broaden the research field of performance home care organizations. Through the operational efficiency evaluation model of home care agencies in the city of A, the effectiveness of operational efficiency, ranking of 30 institutions, to be the input redundancy and output deficiency quantity, scale efficiency and other aspects of information. This model can analyze the traditional evaluation methods are difficult to obtain in the past the information is more reasonable and suitable to the actual situation, reflects the application of the model. This paper aims to build a scientific and effective home care agencies Operation efficiency evaluation model, efficiency evaluation of home care agencies to improve the model and mechanism can reflect the overall operating conditions of home care agencies, to help them improve the quality; government supervision and management is an effective tool for home care agencies, to provide important reference data to optimize the allocation of resources endowment for the government.

【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F224;F719;D669.6

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