进出口贸易对老挝经济增长影响分析

发布时间：2018-04-18 23:32

本文选题：进出口贸易 + 老挝经济　；参考：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着世界经济的快速发展,进出口贸易已逐渐成为发展中国家和地区的经济发展的强大动力。可以说进出口贸易是促进经济增长和投资的主要驱动力。老挝是一个经济比较落后的发展中国家,自上个世纪90年代以后,开始实施外向型的经济发展战略。实施对外开放、促进进出口贸、引进外资是老挝这一时期对外开放的主要策略。21世纪初期老挝正式加入WTO,国家更是大力发展对外贸易,进出口贸易量与规模也在稳步增长,老挝的国民经济随着进出口贸易的推动而快速前进。本文首先对老挝经济发展的概况进行了简要的分析,了解老挝当前经济发展情况和走趋。重点对老挝进出口贸易的现状发展情况作详细的分析,分析老挝目前的进出口贸易的水平以及存在的主要问题。研究发现,当前老挝进口贸易额发展变化大,进口总额快速地增长。老挝的进口商品主要来自于泰国、中国、越南和欧盟的一些国家,但进口商品结构发生了明显的变化,进出口产品结构越趋合理。但是,老挝的进出口贸易仍存在着一些问题如:进口产品层次低,进口市场过于集中,外贸依存度不断增加等。其次,在分析老挝进出口贸易问题的基础上,本文重点研究了进出口贸易对老挝经济的影响。主要从积极和消极两个方面来进行探讨,积极方面的影响主要包括,进口贸易对老挝经济增长、经济结构、对老挝技术进步、对老挝就业创造、对老挝国家税收、促进老挝与其他国家经贸合作等有着积极的影响。而消极方面的影响主要有,过度进口限制国内技术的进步和老挝民族产业发展等。最后本文借鉴中国对外贸易的政策经验,从老挝对外贸易发展战略角度出发,提出了进一步提高老挝进出口贸易水平的对策。主要利用比较优势理论,从提高出口产品的竞争力、加强边境的贸易往来、加强物流建设与合作、加强对外贸易管理以及提高利用外资效率等方面来进行。除此之外,本文还提出了从加强对传统出口优势行业的技术改造,优化进出口商品结构,注重人力资本的积累,加大教育投资,加大对先进设备和技术进口等方面,来寻找促进老挝经济增长的最优路径。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of the world economy, import and export trade has gradually become a powerful driving force for the economic development of developing countries and regions.It can be said that import and export trade is the main driving force to promote economic growth and investment.Laos is a developing country with backward economy. After 1990's, Laos began to implement the strategy of export-oriented economic development.Implementation of opening to the outside world, promotion of import and export trade, introduction of foreign capital is the main strategy of Laos's opening to the outside world during this period. Laos formally joined the WTO in the early 21st century. The country has made great efforts to develop foreign trade, and the volume and scale of import and export trade have also been steadily increasing.The national economy of Laos is advancing rapidly with the promotion of import and export trade.In this paper, the general situation of Laos's economic development is analyzed briefly, and the current situation and trend of Laos's economic development are understood.The present situation of Laos' import and export trade is analyzed in detail, and the level of Laos' import and export trade and its main problems are analyzed.The study found that Laos's import trade volume is developing rapidly and the total import volume is growing rapidly.Laos imports mainly from Thailand, China, Vietnam and some European Union countries, but the structure of imported goods has changed obviously, and the structure of import and export products has become more and more reasonable.However, there are still some problems in Laos' import and export trade, such as the low level of import products, the concentration of import market, and the increasing dependence on foreign trade.Secondly, based on the analysis of Lao import and export trade, this paper focuses on the influence of import and export trade on Lao economy.Mainly from the positive and negative aspects of the discussion, the positive impact mainly includes: import trade to the economic growth of Laos, economic structure, technological progress in Laos, the creation of employment in Laos, and the Lao State tax.Promoting economic and trade cooperation between Laos and other countries has a positive impact.The negative influence mainly includes the progress of domestic technology and the development of Lao national industry.Finally, from the perspective of the development strategy of Lao foreign trade, this paper puts forward some countermeasures to further improve the level of Laos' import and export trade from the experience of China's foreign trade policy.This paper mainly uses the theory of comparative advantage to improve the competitiveness of export products, strengthen the border trade, strengthen logistics construction and cooperation, strengthen foreign trade management and improve the efficiency of utilizing foreign capital.In addition, this paper also proposes to strengthen the technological transformation of traditional export industries, optimize the structure of import and export commodities, pay attention to the accumulation of human capital, increase investment in education, and increase the import of advanced equipment and technology.To find the best way to promote economic growth in Laos.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F133.4;F753.34

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