互联网金融模式及监管的国际比较分析

发布时间：2018-05-15 12:22

本文选题：互联网金融模式 + 互联网金融监管　；参考：《东北财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着互联网技术的发展,传统金融行业与以互联网为代表的信息科技,特别是移动支付、社交网络和“大数据”等相结合产生了互联网金融。作为一项互联网技术与金融业务交叉的金融创新,以第三方支付、人人贷、众筹融资、互联网货币基金和网络银行等为代表的互联网金融模式从诞生到呈业态发展,对传统金融行业的发展、政府的货币政策、监管部门的监管以及消费者权益保护均产生了重要影响,但由于与传统金融行业存在较大的差别,互联网金融又面临着特殊风险。一是技术风险,我国互联网金融机构使用的以金融软硬件为代表的服务设备多引自国外,由于国内密钥管理及加密技术相对不完善,无法充分保障交易主体的资金安全,引起互联网金融系统性的安全风险。二是业务风险,我国互联网金融准入机制不规范、管理制度缺失,从而使我国互联网金融一直游走于法律的灰色地带。我国没有完善的个人信用评级机制,很难获得比较可靠的个人信用评分,从而要求我国互联网企业一方面提供互联网金融相关业务；另一方面通过线上、线下等各种手段收集客户的信用信息,而这种信息搜集方式增加了产业链的环节和企业的运营成本,不利于互联网金融行业的发展。三是法律风险,由于我国互联网金融行业正处于发展初期,各种法律规范相对短缺。目前我国法律制度主要针对金融机构的网上服务进行规范,对互联网金融各种模式的市场准入机制、交易资金监管机制和风险评估机制处于空白阶段。因此,既要使互联网金融充分服务于我国经济,特别是发挥促进中小企业融资和拓宽个人投资渠道的作用,同时又要强化对互联网金融面临的各种风险的监管。本文通过国内外互联网金融模式及政府监管的差异比较,指出中国互联网金融发展的不足,通过归纳国外互联网发展及监管的经验,提出了相应的对策。以求对中国发展互联网金融有一定借鉴作用,从而促使互联网金融提供更完善的服务。本文分为五个部分：第一部分是引言,介绍选题背景与意义,国内外文献综述和创新与不足；第二部分对互联网金融中的第三方支付、人人贷、众筹融资、互联网货币基金和网络银行在国内外的发展模式进行了论述,并根据对国内外模式之间的差异比较,梳理了互联网金融在我国的独特发展历程,进而提出我国互联网金融所面临的风险；第三部分主要是从监管原则、监管主体、监管目标和监管手段等角度论述了美国、欧盟等西方国家对不同互联网金融模式所采取的监管措施,并且分析了我国当前互联网金融监管的困境；第四部分总结了国外互联网金融发展模式及政府监管经验,针对我国互联网金融存在的不足,从规范互联网发展模式和强化政府监管措施上提出对策,第五部分对本文进行了总结。
[Abstract]:With the development of Internet technology, the combination of traditional financial industry and information technology, such as mobile payment, social network and "big data", has led to Internet finance. As a financial innovation that intersects Internet technology and financial business, the Internet financial model, represented by third-party payment, universal loan, crowdfunding, Internet monetary fund and Internet banking, has developed from birth to business. The development of the traditional financial industry, the monetary policy of the government, the supervision of the supervision department and the protection of the consumer's rights and interests all have an important influence on the development of the traditional financial industry. However, due to the great difference between the traditional financial industry and the traditional financial industry, the Internet finance is faced with special risks. First, technical risks. Most of the services used by Internet financial institutions in China, represented by financial hardware and software, are imported from abroad. Because the domestic key management and encryption techniques are relatively imperfect, they cannot fully guarantee the financial security of the trading bodies. Causes the Internet finance systematic security risk. The second is the business risk, China's Internet financial access mechanism is not standardized, the lack of management system, so that China's Internet finance has been wandering in the gray area of the law. There is no perfect personal credit rating mechanism in our country, and it is difficult to obtain a relatively reliable personal credit rating, which requires Chinese Internet enterprises to provide Internet financial-related business on the one hand, and online, on the other. All kinds of means such as below line collect customer's credit information, and this kind of information collection method increases the link of the industry chain and the operation cost of the enterprise, which is unfavorable to the development of the Internet finance industry. Third, the legal risk, because our country Internet finance profession is in the early stage of development, each kind of legal norm is relatively short. At present, the legal system of our country is mainly aimed at regulating the online services of financial institutions. The market access mechanism of various modes of Internet finance, the supervision mechanism of transaction funds and the risk assessment mechanism are still in the blank stage. Therefore, it is necessary to make Internet finance fully serve our economy, especially to promote the financing of small and medium-sized enterprises and broaden the channels of individual investment, and at the same time, to strengthen the supervision of various risks faced by Internet finance. This paper points out the deficiency of the development of Internet finance in China by comparing the differences between domestic and foreign Internet financial models and government supervision, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures by summing up the experience of the development and supervision of internet in foreign countries. In order to promote the development of Internet finance in China, it can provide more perfect services. This article is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction, introduces the background and significance of the topic, domestic and foreign literature review and innovation and deficiencies; the second part of the third party payment in Internet finance, everyone loans, crowdfunding, This paper discusses the development models of Internet Monetary Fund and Internet Bank at home and abroad, and combs the unique development course of Internet Finance in China according to the differences between the models at home and abroad. The third part mainly discusses the United States from the aspects of the supervision principle, the main body of supervision, the aim of supervision and the means of supervision. The European Union and other western countries have adopted the supervision measures to different Internet financial models, and analyzed the difficulties of China's current Internet financial supervision. The fourth part summarizes the foreign Internet financial development model and the experience of government supervision. In view of the shortcomings of Internet finance in China, the author puts forward some countermeasures from standardizing the mode of Internet development and strengthening the government supervision measures. The fifth part summarizes this article.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F724.6;F832.2

【参考文献】