电子商务供应链金融运作模式研究

发布时间：2018-11-14 12:46

【摘要】：供应链金融在我国的实践主要是为了解决中小企业融资难问题。传统的供应链金融服务的基本运作模式是“M+1+N”,即围绕核心企业为其上下游的中小企业提供融资服务。这种运作模式在一定程度上缓解了我国中小企业融资难、融资贵的状况。但是,传统的供应链金融只是解决了一部分中小企业的资金需求问题,对于更广范围的中小企业的资金需求,金融机构没有给予更多的支持。另一方面,传统供应链金融依赖于核心企业的信用外溢,使得整个供应链金融的风险过于集中。在互联网全面普及、新兴技术手段不断涌现、电子商务迅速发展、个性化的融资需求持续高涨的新环境下,这种僵化的融资模式并不能适应当今中小企业个性化的融资需求。在此背景之下,电子商务供应链金融应运而生,一方面,通过电子商务平台使得企业之间的信息交互更加的充分,使传统供应链金融的信息不对称情况得到极大的改善。另一方面,大数据、可视化、云计算等新技术的出现将供应链参与者的物流数据、交易数据、金融数据等多角度、多维度的庞大数据资源整合起来交叉复现,得以对供应链参与者进行风险的全面把控。使中小企业个性化的融资需求得到满足,极大的提升了供应链金融的融资效率。本文通过分析传统供应链金融的运作的主要模式,分析其各种模式的特点以及优劣势,得出传统供应链金融存在的问题。结合目前新的经济形式以及技术环境,分析了电子商务供应链金融的主要运作模式。通过将传统供应链金融与电子商务供应链金融的对比分析,可以定性的得出后者的融资效率高于前者。进一步通过Agent的模拟分析以及VAR模型的实证分析,得到电子商务平台的发展确实促进了金融机构对中小企业的资金支持,进而得出电子商务供应链金融对解决中小企业融资问题相比与传统供应链金优势更大,获得了数据方面的支持。通过纵向的比较现有的电子商务供应链金融运作模式,进一步分析出有更大优势的战略整合电子商务供应链金融运作模式。并提出以下四条建议:建立基于价值网络的新型供应链;建立战略信息分享机制;建立战略整合电子商务供应链金融;建立可视化的风险管控体系,即建立价值网络、信息分享、平台整合、风险可视的新型电子商务供应链金融。在这个新型电子商务供应链金融的促进之下,未来中小企业融资效率将得到进一步的提升。
[Abstract]:The practice of supply chain finance in our country is mainly to solve the financing problem of small and medium-sized enterprises. The basic mode of operation of traditional supply chain financial service is "M 1 N", that is, providing financing service to the upstream and downstream small and medium-sized enterprises around the core enterprises. To a certain extent, this mode of operation alleviates the financing difficulties and expensive financing of small and medium-sized enterprises in China. However, the traditional supply chain finance only solves the problem of the capital demand of some small and medium-sized enterprises, and the financial institutions do not give more support to the capital demand of the small and medium-sized enterprises in a wider range. On the other hand, the traditional supply chain finance relies on the credit spillover of the core enterprises, which makes the risk of the whole supply chain finance too concentrated. In the new environment with the popularization of the Internet, the continuous emergence of new technological means, the rapid development of electronic commerce, and the rising demand for individualized financing, this rigid financing model can not adapt to the individualized financing needs of small and medium-sized enterprises today. Under this background, E-commerce supply chain finance emerges as the times require. On the one hand, the information exchange among enterprises is more sufficient through e-commerce platform, which greatly improves the information asymmetry of traditional supply chain finance. On the other hand, the emergence of new technologies, such as big data, visualization, cloud computing, and so on, will integrate the huge data resources of supply chain participants, such as logistics data, transaction data, financial data, and so on, from many angles and dimensions. To be able to fully control the risks of supply chain participants. The individualized financing needs of small and medium-sized enterprises are satisfied and the financing efficiency of supply chain finance is greatly improved. This paper analyzes the main mode of operation of traditional supply chain finance, analyzes the characteristics and advantages and disadvantages of its various modes, and concludes the problems existing in traditional supply chain finance. Combined with the new economic form and technological environment, this paper analyzes the main operation mode of E-commerce supply chain finance. By comparing the traditional supply chain finance with the electronic commerce supply chain finance, we can qualitatively draw the conclusion that the financing efficiency of the latter is higher than that of the former. Further more, through the simulation analysis of Agent and the empirical analysis of VAR model, the development of e-commerce platform has really promoted financial institutions' financial support to small and medium-sized enterprises. Furthermore, it is concluded that E-commerce supply chain finance has more advantages than traditional supply chain finance in solving the financing problem of SMEs, and has obtained data support. Through the vertical comparison of the existing e-commerce supply chain financial operation mode, further analysis of the greater advantages of the e-commerce supply chain financial operation mode of strategic integration. Four suggestions are put forward as follows: establishing a new supply chain based on value network, establishing a strategic information sharing mechanism, establishing a strategic integration of e-commerce supply chain finance; To establish a visual risk management system, that is, to establish a value network, information sharing, platform integration, risk visualization of a new type of e-commerce supply chain finance. Under the promotion of this new e-commerce supply chain finance, the financing efficiency of SMEs will be further improved in the future.
【学位授予单位】：河南财经政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F724.6;F274

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