改革开放以来贸易条件的考察与分析
发布时间：2018-11-28 09:07
【摘要】：改革开放初期我国就制定出口导向型发展战略,对外贸易的蓬勃发展为中国经济的快速发展提供了强大的动力。随着对外贸易总额的不断扩大,对外贸易对我国GDP的增长也起着举足轻重的作用。进入21世纪以来,全球化不断加深,国际贸易日趋繁荣,各国也越来越看重在国际市场中的获利状况。贸易条件这一指标作为衡量某国在国际市场所获利润的指数成为各学者研究的重要内容。改革开放以来伴随着出口导向型战略到以质取胜再到科学发展观在对外贸易战略层面的历次转变,中国贸易条件也先后经历了先改善后恶化的局面。特别是进入21世纪以来我国价格贸易条件的持续恶化引起了学者的强烈关注,但伴随着恶化的同时是GDP的一路飙升、收入贸易条件、单要素贸易条件和双要素贸易条件的改善,这种现象与我国独特的经济发展路径有着怎样的联系?这些变化呈现哪些特点?引起这些变化的影响因素是怎样改变的?等等这些问题都需要我们认真解答,以期为未来我国对外贸易的发展提供借鉴。贸易条件与一国的经济发展方式有着直接的关系,而改革开放这一特殊的历史时期对之后中国的经济发展模式有着深刻的影响。本文以这一时间为起点刻画了改革开放以来各类贸易条件的变动和走向,根据其所呈现的特点首先将其变迁过程分为三个阶段：第一阶段是贸易条件在波动中由改善转为恶化(1978—1991)；第二阶段贸易条件缓慢恶化(1992—1998)；第三阶段贸易条件严重恶化(1999—2013),而后从经济全球化和经济发展战略层面进行了经济史的回顾和分析。分析认为30多年的市场化改革和外向性的经济发展战略使中国的贸易条件从总体上获得了贸易利益,但这种贸易利益的获得只反映了国家的静态福利,并且潜藏危机,难以为继。
[Abstract]:In the early stage of reform and opening up, China formulated the export-oriented development strategy, and the vigorous development of foreign trade provided a powerful driving force for the rapid development of China's economy. With the continuous expansion of foreign trade, foreign trade also plays an important role in the growth of GDP. Since the beginning of the 21st century, globalization has deepened, international trade has become more and more prosperous, and countries are paying more and more attention to the profit situation in the international market. Terms of trade as a measure of a country's profits in the international market has become an important content of scholars. Since the reform and opening up, China's terms of trade have experienced a situation of first improvement and then deterioration, along with the successive changes from export-oriented strategy to quality winning and then to scientific development view in the foreign trade strategic level. Especially in the 21st century, the continuous deterioration of China's price terms of trade has aroused strong concern of scholars, but along with the deterioration is the soaring GDP, income terms of trade, single factor terms of trade and the improvement of the terms of trade of two factors. What is the connection between this phenomenon and China's unique economic development path? What are the characteristics of these changes? How do the factors that cause these changes change? And so on these questions all need us to answer earnestly, in order to provide the reference for the future development of our country's foreign trade. The terms of trade have a direct relationship with the mode of economic development of a country, and the reform and opening up, a special historical period, has a profound impact on the mode of economic development of China after that. Taking this time as a starting point, this paper describes the changes and trends of various terms of trade since the reform and opening up. According to its characteristics, it is divided into three stages: the first stage is that the terms of trade change from improvement to deterioration in fluctuation (1978-1991); In the second stage, the terms of trade deteriorated slowly (1992-1998); in the third stage, the terms of trade deteriorated seriously (1999-2013), and then the economic history was reviewed and analyzed from the aspects of economic globalization and economic development strategy. It is concluded that the market-oriented reform and the outward economic development strategy of more than 30 years have made China's terms of trade gain trade benefits on the whole, but the gains of this kind of trade benefits only reflect the static welfare of the country, and there is a latent crisis. difficult to continue
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F752
本文编号：2362415
[Abstract]:In the early stage of reform and opening up, China formulated the export-oriented development strategy, and the vigorous development of foreign trade provided a powerful driving force for the rapid development of China's economy. With the continuous expansion of foreign trade, foreign trade also plays an important role in the growth of GDP. Since the beginning of the 21st century, globalization has deepened, international trade has become more and more prosperous, and countries are paying more and more attention to the profit situation in the international market. Terms of trade as a measure of a country's profits in the international market has become an important content of scholars. Since the reform and opening up, China's terms of trade have experienced a situation of first improvement and then deterioration, along with the successive changes from export-oriented strategy to quality winning and then to scientific development view in the foreign trade strategic level. Especially in the 21st century, the continuous deterioration of China's price terms of trade has aroused strong concern of scholars, but along with the deterioration is the soaring GDP, income terms of trade, single factor terms of trade and the improvement of the terms of trade of two factors. What is the connection between this phenomenon and China's unique economic development path? What are the characteristics of these changes? How do the factors that cause these changes change? And so on these questions all need us to answer earnestly, in order to provide the reference for the future development of our country's foreign trade. The terms of trade have a direct relationship with the mode of economic development of a country, and the reform and opening up, a special historical period, has a profound impact on the mode of economic development of China after that. Taking this time as a starting point, this paper describes the changes and trends of various terms of trade since the reform and opening up. According to its characteristics, it is divided into three stages: the first stage is that the terms of trade change from improvement to deterioration in fluctuation (1978-1991); In the second stage, the terms of trade deteriorated slowly (1992-1998); in the third stage, the terms of trade deteriorated seriously (1999-2013), and then the economic history was reviewed and analyzed from the aspects of economic globalization and economic development strategy. It is concluded that the market-oriented reform and the outward economic development strategy of more than 30 years have made China's terms of trade gain trade benefits on the whole, but the gains of this kind of trade benefits only reflect the static welfare of the country, and there is a latent crisis. difficult to continue
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F752
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，本文编号：2362415
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