比较社会交易成本与贸易便利化问题研究
发布时间：2019-05-28 06:01
【摘要】：无论是绝对成本优势理论、比较成本优势理论,还是相互需求原理、要素禀赋理论和规模经济理论,所有这些传统的国际比较优势理论无疑都是从比较生产成本优势的角度出发,分析生产制造成本对贸易格局和比较优势的影响。但是,随着世界经济全球化、一体化程度的加深,科学技术水平的高度发达,当今世界经济技术条件已经发生了巨大的变化。由于信息和技术的国际扩散速度加快,生产制造效率的国际平均化趋势正在加速,对于同一种可贸易的商品来讲,凡是能够生产的国家相互之间的生产成本和生产效率的差别正在缩小,生产制造成本的国际差别对于国际贸易能不能发生以及怎么发生的影响作用正在下降,相反,贸易过程中的其它成本因素,例如,行政监管成本、物流运输成本、贸易结算成本、甚至社会文化差别所造成的成本都成了现阶段影响国际贸易能不能发生以及如何发生的重要因素。当前,国际社会公认“贸易过程的低(无)效率”已经称为一种隐形的市场准入壁垒,成为制约贸易自由化的重要因素。有鉴于此,本文试图将传统的国际贸易经典理论从“比较生产成本优势理论”扩展为“比较社会交易成本优势理论”,从而使“比较成本优势理论”更具有时代特征,更具有现实意义。本文将把当前引起人们极大关注的贸易便利化这一政策讨论与作者试图构建的比较社会交易成本优势理论相结合,提出一种简单的分析框架,并以此为基础,分析我国在降低国际贸易中的社会交易成本以及贸易便利化方面存在的突出问题,探索如何通过贸易便利化来提高我国的比较社会交易成本优势,为培养我国短期内的国际比较成本优势提出一种新途径和新方法。
[Abstract]:Whether it is the theory of absolute cost advantage, the theory of comparative cost advantage, the principle of mutual demand, the theory of factor endowment and the theory of economies of scale, All these traditional theories of international comparative advantage undoubtedly analyze the influence of production cost on trade pattern and comparative advantage from the point of view of comparative production cost advantage. However, with the globalization of the world economy, the deepening of integration and the highly developed level of science and technology, great changes have taken place in the world economic and technological conditions. As a result of the accelerated international diffusion of information and technology, the international average trend of production and manufacturing efficiency is accelerating, for the same tradable commodity, The differences in production costs and efficiency among countries that are able to produce are narrowing, and the impact of international differences in production costs on whether and how international trade can occur is declining, on the contrary, Other cost factors in the trade process, such as administrative supervision costs, logistics and transportation costs, trade settlement costs, Even the cost caused by social and cultural differences has become an important factor affecting whether and how international trade can occur at this stage. At present, the international community has recognized that "the low (no) efficiency of the trade process" has been called an invisible market access barrier, which has become an important factor restricting trade liberalization. In view of this, this paper attempts to expand the traditional classical theory of international trade from "comparative production cost advantage theory" to "comparative social transaction cost advantage theory", so that the "comparative cost advantage theory" has the characteristics of the times. It is of more practical significance. This paper will combine the current policy discussion of trade facilitation, which has attracted great attention, with the theory of comparative social transaction cost advantage that the author is trying to construct, and put forward a simple analytical framework, on the basis of which, This paper analyzes the outstanding problems existing in reducing the social transaction cost and trade facilitation in international trade, and explores how to improve the comparative social transaction cost advantage of our country through trade facilitation. In order to cultivate the international comparative cost advantage in the short term, this paper puts forward a new way and method.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F740
本文编号：2486798
[Abstract]:Whether it is the theory of absolute cost advantage, the theory of comparative cost advantage, the principle of mutual demand, the theory of factor endowment and the theory of economies of scale, All these traditional theories of international comparative advantage undoubtedly analyze the influence of production cost on trade pattern and comparative advantage from the point of view of comparative production cost advantage. However, with the globalization of the world economy, the deepening of integration and the highly developed level of science and technology, great changes have taken place in the world economic and technological conditions. As a result of the accelerated international diffusion of information and technology, the international average trend of production and manufacturing efficiency is accelerating, for the same tradable commodity, The differences in production costs and efficiency among countries that are able to produce are narrowing, and the impact of international differences in production costs on whether and how international trade can occur is declining, on the contrary, Other cost factors in the trade process, such as administrative supervision costs, logistics and transportation costs, trade settlement costs, Even the cost caused by social and cultural differences has become an important factor affecting whether and how international trade can occur at this stage. At present, the international community has recognized that "the low (no) efficiency of the trade process" has been called an invisible market access barrier, which has become an important factor restricting trade liberalization. In view of this, this paper attempts to expand the traditional classical theory of international trade from "comparative production cost advantage theory" to "comparative social transaction cost advantage theory", so that the "comparative cost advantage theory" has the characteristics of the times. It is of more practical significance. This paper will combine the current policy discussion of trade facilitation, which has attracted great attention, with the theory of comparative social transaction cost advantage that the author is trying to construct, and put forward a simple analytical framework, on the basis of which, This paper analyzes the outstanding problems existing in reducing the social transaction cost and trade facilitation in international trade, and explores how to improve the comparative social transaction cost advantage of our country through trade facilitation. In order to cultivate the international comparative cost advantage in the short term, this paper puts forward a new way and method.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F740
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