专利许可视角下的技术扩散研究
发布时间：2019-06-05 09:29
【摘要】：技术扩散是新技术获得经济效益,技术创新获得社会效益的主要来源。本文回顾了国内外对技术扩散与专利许可的研究现状,从专利角度出发,专利许可引起的知识流动和技术溢出的过程被视为技术扩散。在本文的分析中,用专利来代表技术或者知识,通过专利许可这种方式,使技术在市场中得到应用和推广。专利许可的技术扩散,本质上是技术情报的扩散和传播。近年来微软以专利许可这种方式为主,对技术进行全球化的布局,特别是安卓系统在全球的应用,充分展现了专利许可已经成为技术扩散的重要方式。本文以2008-2013年SIPO专利实施许可登记备案信息作为样本数据,定量分析与定性分析相结合,利用专利计量分析的方法,充分利用社会网络分析和信息可视化技术,分别从时间和空间两个维度,对中国大陆地区的专利许可现状进行定量描述；通过专利许可网络直观的展示专利许可的特点。研究发现：在现有的专利许可活动当中,专利许可数量,与专利申请量和专利授权量相比数量较少。专利实施许可主体以个人和公司为主,个人是专利技术输出的首要来源,高校的参与程度相对较低,而企业对技术的输入发挥着主导性作用。我国以独占许可为主,普通许可较少,鲜有交叉许可和分许可。专利实施许可时间距离申请日越近许可的可能性越大,专利许可累计数量曲线近似为“S”曲线。大部分地区之间的许可关系非常的松散,许可频次相对较低,而只有少数地区的许可关系较为紧密。总体上我国大陆地区之间已经建立了广泛的技术扩散关系,但是个各地区之间的合作强度却存在着明显的差异,将许可关系的强度考虑进来之后,发现技术扩散强度较低；技术扩散范围有限；广东、江苏、北京等省区处于绝对优势地位；台湾与东南沿海地区存在高强度的扩散关系；各个省区在技术承担角色上存在较大的差异。经过以上的论述分析,我们认为专利许可存在着以下方面的问题：专利许可的形式单一,独占许可为主；专利许可的非职务发明居多,科研院所的专利许可数量较少；我国专利许可分布不均衡,整体上呈现自东向西逐级递减的态势；跨区域许可关系脆弱,许可强度有待提高。本文针对这些问题提出了相关的对策：政府方面应制定和完善专利许可的政策,完善专利技术的评价标准。行业方面应该积极推动建立专利中介服务体系。企业方面应积极搭建专利许可平台,与科研院所合作。
[Abstract]:Technology diffusion is the main source for new technology to obtain economic benefits and technological innovation to obtain social benefits. This paper reviews the research status of technology diffusion and patent license at home and abroad. From the patent point of view, the process of knowledge flow and technology spillover caused by patent license is regarded as technology diffusion. In the analysis of this paper, patents are used to represent technology or knowledge, and technology is applied and popularized in the market through patent licensing. The technological diffusion of patent license is essentially the diffusion and dissemination of technical information. In recent years, Microsoft has focused on patent licensing. The global layout of technology, especially the application of Android in the world, fully shows that patent licensing has become an important way of technology diffusion. This paper takes the registration information of SIPO patent implementation license from 2008 to 2013 as the sample data, combines quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis, makes full use of social network analysis and information visualization technology by using the method of patent econometric analysis. The present situation of patent license in mainland China is described quantitatively from the dimensions of time and space. Through the patent licensing network intuitive display of the characteristics of patent licensing. It is found that in the existing patent licensing activities, the number of patent licenses is smaller than the number of patent applications and patent authorizations. The subject of patent implementation license is mainly individual and company, individual is the primary source of patented technology export, the participation degree of colleges and universities is relatively low, and enterprises play a leading role in the input of technology. In China, exclusive license is the main, ordinary license is less, there are few cross-license and sub-license. The closer the patent implementation license time is to the application date, the greater the possibility of licensing, and the cumulative number curve of patent license is approximate to the "S" curve. The licensing relationship between most regions is very loose, the licensing frequency is relatively low, and only a few areas have a closer licensing relationship. Generally speaking, a wide range of technology diffusion relations have been established among the mainland of China, but there are obvious differences in the intensity of cooperation among different regions. After considering the intensity of the licensing relationship, it is found that the intensity of technology diffusion is low. The scope of technology diffusion is limited; Guangdong, Jiangsu, Beijing and other provinces and regions are in an absolute dominant position; there is a high intensity diffusion relationship between Taiwan and the southeast coastal areas; there are great differences in the role of technology assumption in each province. After the above discussion and analysis, we think that there are the following problems in patent license: the form of patent license is single, exclusive license is the main, patent license is in the majority of non-official inventions, and the number of patent license in scientific research institutes is small; The distribution of patent license in China is uneven, and the overall trend is decreasing step by step from east to west, and the cross-regional licensing relationship is fragile, and the license intensity needs to be improved. In view of these problems, this paper puts forward some countermeasures: the government should formulate and perfect the policy of patent licensing and perfect the evaluation standard of patented technology. The industry should actively promote the establishment of patent intermediary service system. Enterprises should actively build a patent licensing platform and cooperate with scientific research institutes.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F723.84
本文编号：2493425
[Abstract]:Technology diffusion is the main source for new technology to obtain economic benefits and technological innovation to obtain social benefits. This paper reviews the research status of technology diffusion and patent license at home and abroad. From the patent point of view, the process of knowledge flow and technology spillover caused by patent license is regarded as technology diffusion. In the analysis of this paper, patents are used to represent technology or knowledge, and technology is applied and popularized in the market through patent licensing. The technological diffusion of patent license is essentially the diffusion and dissemination of technical information. In recent years, Microsoft has focused on patent licensing. The global layout of technology, especially the application of Android in the world, fully shows that patent licensing has become an important way of technology diffusion. This paper takes the registration information of SIPO patent implementation license from 2008 to 2013 as the sample data, combines quantitative analysis with qualitative analysis, makes full use of social network analysis and information visualization technology by using the method of patent econometric analysis. The present situation of patent license in mainland China is described quantitatively from the dimensions of time and space. Through the patent licensing network intuitive display of the characteristics of patent licensing. It is found that in the existing patent licensing activities, the number of patent licenses is smaller than the number of patent applications and patent authorizations. The subject of patent implementation license is mainly individual and company, individual is the primary source of patented technology export, the participation degree of colleges and universities is relatively low, and enterprises play a leading role in the input of technology. In China, exclusive license is the main, ordinary license is less, there are few cross-license and sub-license. The closer the patent implementation license time is to the application date, the greater the possibility of licensing, and the cumulative number curve of patent license is approximate to the "S" curve. The licensing relationship between most regions is very loose, the licensing frequency is relatively low, and only a few areas have a closer licensing relationship. Generally speaking, a wide range of technology diffusion relations have been established among the mainland of China, but there are obvious differences in the intensity of cooperation among different regions. After considering the intensity of the licensing relationship, it is found that the intensity of technology diffusion is low. The scope of technology diffusion is limited; Guangdong, Jiangsu, Beijing and other provinces and regions are in an absolute dominant position; there is a high intensity diffusion relationship between Taiwan and the southeast coastal areas; there are great differences in the role of technology assumption in each province. After the above discussion and analysis, we think that there are the following problems in patent license: the form of patent license is single, exclusive license is the main, patent license is in the majority of non-official inventions, and the number of patent license in scientific research institutes is small; The distribution of patent license in China is uneven, and the overall trend is decreasing step by step from east to west, and the cross-regional licensing relationship is fragile, and the license intensity needs to be improved. In view of these problems, this paper puts forward some countermeasures: the government should formulate and perfect the policy of patent licensing and perfect the evaluation standard of patented technology. The industry should actively promote the establishment of patent intermediary service system. Enterprises should actively build a patent licensing platform and cooperate with scientific research institutes.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F723.84
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