贸易便利化水平对服务贸易的影响研究

发布时间：2019-06-21 04:39

【摘要】：在20世纪60年代,欧洲国家提出“贸易便利化特别计划”,自此贸易便利化作为一个国际议题,逐渐被越来越多的国家和地区加以重视。在贸易便利化不断发展的同时,国际服务贸易也得到了世界各国的普遍关注。虽然针对便利化对货物贸易的影响研究较多,但也有一些研究表明其影响也存在于服务贸易当中。我国在经济新常态下正试图通过便利化措施大力发展服务贸易这一短板。但是许多贸易便利化措施仍然处于一种形式主义且缺少贸易便利化的相关理论体系,因此贸易便利化如何对服务贸易产生影响就成为了此文的关注点。论文在系统梳理了不同组织框架下对贸易便利化的解释及其相关理论的基础上,详尽阐述了贸易便利化的发展历程,进而将研究重点聚焦于贸易便利化对服务贸易的影响机制。在实证分析方面,以世界经济论坛的测评体系作为基础,考虑到货物贸易对服务贸易的影响和服务贸易的特殊因素两个方面,对服务贸易便利化进行定量分析。进而利用定量分析得出的便利化指标,通过引力模型,运用跨国面板数据进行实证研究。通过实证分析得出了以下结论：第一,当一个国家或地区的经济越是处于发达水平时,其相应的贸易便利化的水平越高,这主要表现在发达国家；2014年贸易便利化指标评分排名较高者分别为新家坡(5.9)、香港特区(5.5)、荷兰(5.3),而经济实力相对较弱的发展中国家甚至欠发达国家,如俄罗斯(3.5)、尼日利亚(3.1)、委内瑞拉(2.8)的贸易便利化水平较低；中国(4.3)属于一般便利,相对发达国家来说还相距甚远。第二,贸易便利化对一国服务贸易有显著的促进作用,而且贸易便利化水平越低,其对服务贸易进出口的促进作用越大。因此一国或地区可以通过提高贸易便利化水平使得服务贸易得到更好的发展。最后,根据实证检验的结果,论文认为,加强口岸的外汇体制改革,是推动服务贸易便利化的关键,并从改革外汇管理、完善港口建设、匹配海关监管、推广电子商务、便利商务人员流动等方面以及我国服务贸易的发展提出相应的政策建议。
[Abstract]:In the 1960s, European countries put forward the "Special Plan for Trade Facilitation". Since then, trade facilitation, as an international issue, has been paid more and more attention by more and more countries and regions. With the continuous development of trade facilitation, international trade in services has also been widely concerned by all countries in the world. Although there are many studies on the impact of facilitation on trade in goods, there are also some studies that show that the impact also exists in trade in services. Under the new normal of economy, China is trying to develop service trade through facilitation measures. However, many trade facilitation measures are still in a formalism and lack of relevant theoretical system of trade facilitation, so how trade facilitation has an impact on trade in services has become the focus of this paper. On the basis of systematically combing the interpretation of trade facilitation under different organizational frameworks and its related theories, this paper expounds in detail the development process of trade facilitation, and then focuses on the impact mechanism of trade facilitation on trade in services. In the aspect of empirical analysis, based on the evaluation system of the World Economic Forum, taking into account the impact of trade in goods on trade in services and the special factors of trade in services, this paper makes a quantitative analysis of the facilitation of trade in services. Then using the facilitation index obtained by quantitative analysis, through the gravity model, the use of transnational panel data for empirical research. Through empirical analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: first, when the economy of a country or region is at the developed level, the higher the level of trade facilitation, which is mainly manifested in developed countries; The highest ranking of trade facilitation indicators in 2014 was Xinjiapo (5.9), Hong Kong Special Administrative region (5.5) and the Netherlands (5.3), while developing countries with relatively weak economic strength and even less developed countries, such as Russia (3.5), Nigeria (3.1) and Venezuela (2.8), had lower levels of trade facilitation. China (4.3) is generally convenient and far apart from developed countries. Second, trade facilitation plays a significant role in promoting a country's service trade, and the lower the level of trade facilitation, the greater its role in promoting the import and export of service trade. Therefore, a country or region can improve the level of trade facilitation to make trade in services better developed. Finally, according to the results of empirical test, the paper holds that strengthening the reform of foreign exchange system at ports is the key to promote the facilitation of service trade, and puts forward some corresponding policy suggestions from the aspects of reforming foreign exchange management, perfecting port construction, matching customs supervision, promoting electronic commerce, facilitating the movement of commercial personnel and the development of service trade in China.
【学位授予单位】：天津财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F746.18

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