转基因食品消费者感知风险影响因素分析
发布时间：2019-06-20 19:02
【摘要】：随着转基因技术和转基因生物飞速发展,人们对它的争论也越来越大。支持者认为转基因作物具有高产、抗虫害、抗恶劣气候、富含营养等优点,对缓解粮食短缺、环境污染,应对气候变换,解决发展中国家贫困问题作用重大;同时还可以提高劳动生产效率,降低生产成本,促进世界农业可持续发展。反对者担心转基因食品带来的潜在风险,如食品安全、环境破坏等,影响人类健康和生态环境,这种争论不仅影响转基因食品消费者行为,也影响到转基因食品发展前景。在这场争论中,起决定作用的是消费者,随着食品安全事件和消费者事件频发,这些风险又会导致消费者行为上的反应,进而影响消费者对转基因食品的安全行为。因此,在转基因食品行业不断发展的形势下研究消费者对转基因食品的感知风险状况,探讨影响消费者风险感知的影响因素,对了解风险争论产生的原因、构建风险沟通机制具有重要的理论与现实意义。论文从消费者视角出发,以备受争议的转基因食品为研究对象,参阅大量的国内外文献,以社会风险理论、消费者行为理论为研究基础,选择陕西省西安市区作为调研区域,通过问卷调查的形式了解西安市消费者的基本情况、及其对转基因食品的态度和风险感知等,系统地描述了消费者对转基因食品的风险感知状况,采用方差分析和结构方程模型,探讨消费者对转基因食品感知风险的形成机理。有针对性提出了我国转基因食品发展的政策建议,为政府机构和生产厂家提供了决策参考。研究结果显示:(1)不同人口统计特征对感知风险的影响有显著差异;男性、高收入群体、高教育程度、年龄较大具备这些特征的消费者对转基因食品风险比较敏感。(2)对转基因技术的态度越积极,感知风险越小。(3)消费者社会信任越强,感知风险越小。(4)对健康越关心的消费者,感知风险越大。(5)转基因食品知识越丰富,感知风险越小。因此本文分别从社会团体、政府、企业和消费者角度提出相应的政策建议。社会团体应该提供可靠的信息渠道,建立风险沟通机制,增加消费者社会信任。企业应该增强顾客教育,提高消费者转基因技术知识,主动维护消费者的生命健康权。政府机构应该政府应该增加政策透明度,加强对转基因食品的监管,提高政府公信力,增强消费者信心。消费者应该发挥主观能动性,加强对转基因知识的学习,正确认识转基因食品及其安全性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of transgenic technology and genetically modified organisms, there is a growing debate about it. Proponents believe that genetically modified crops have the advantages of high yield, pest resistance, climate resistance and nutrition, which play an important role in alleviating food shortage and environmental pollution, coping with climate change and solving poverty problems in developing countries. At the same time, they can improve labor production efficiency, reduce production costs and promote the sustainable development of world agriculture. Opponents are concerned that the potential risks of genetically modified food, such as food safety, environmental damage and so on, affect human health and ecological environment. This debate not only affects the consumer behavior of genetically modified food, but also affects the development prospects of genetically modified food. In this debate, it is consumers who play a decisive role. With the frequent occurrence of food safety events and consumer events, these risks will lead to consumer behavior response, and then affect consumers' safety behavior to genetically modified food. Therefore, under the continuous development of genetically modified food industry, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study consumers' perceived risk of genetically modified food, to explore the influencing factors of consumer risk perception, to understand the causes of risk debate and to construct risk communication mechanism. From the perspective of consumers, this paper takes the controversial genetically modified food as the research object, refers to a large number of domestic and foreign literature, based on the social risk theory and consumer behavior theory, selects Xi'an urban area of Shaanxi Province as the research area, through the form of questionnaire survey to understand the basic situation of Xi'an consumers, as well as their attitude to genetically modified food and risk perception, and so on. This paper systematically describes the risk perception of consumers to genetically modified food, and discusses the formation mechanism of consumer perception risk of genetically modified food by means of variance analysis and structural equation model. The policy suggestions for the development of genetically modified food in China were put forward, which provided decision-making reference for government agencies and manufacturers. The results show that: (1) there are significant differences in the influence of different demographic characteristics on perceived risk; Male, high-income group, high education level, older consumers with these characteristics are more sensitive to the risk of genetically modified food. (2) the more positive the attitude towards genetically modified technology, the smaller the perceived risk. (3) the stronger the social trust of consumers, the smaller the perceived risk. (4) the more concerned consumers are about health, the greater the perceived risk. (5) the richer the knowledge of genetically modified food, the smaller the perceived risk. Therefore, this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations from the perspective of social organizations, government, enterprises and consumers. Social organizations should provide reliable information channels, establish risk communication mechanism, and increase consumer social trust. Enterprises should strengthen customer education, improve consumers' knowledge of transgenic technology, and take the initiative to safeguard consumers' right to life and health. Government agencies should increase policy transparency, strengthen the supervision of genetically modified foods, enhance the credibility of the government, and enhance consumer confidence. Consumers should give full play to subjective initiative, strengthen the study of genetically modified knowledge, and correctly understand genetically modified food and its safety.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F713.55
本文编号：2503453
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of transgenic technology and genetically modified organisms, there is a growing debate about it. Proponents believe that genetically modified crops have the advantages of high yield, pest resistance, climate resistance and nutrition, which play an important role in alleviating food shortage and environmental pollution, coping with climate change and solving poverty problems in developing countries. At the same time, they can improve labor production efficiency, reduce production costs and promote the sustainable development of world agriculture. Opponents are concerned that the potential risks of genetically modified food, such as food safety, environmental damage and so on, affect human health and ecological environment. This debate not only affects the consumer behavior of genetically modified food, but also affects the development prospects of genetically modified food. In this debate, it is consumers who play a decisive role. With the frequent occurrence of food safety events and consumer events, these risks will lead to consumer behavior response, and then affect consumers' safety behavior to genetically modified food. Therefore, under the continuous development of genetically modified food industry, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study consumers' perceived risk of genetically modified food, to explore the influencing factors of consumer risk perception, to understand the causes of risk debate and to construct risk communication mechanism. From the perspective of consumers, this paper takes the controversial genetically modified food as the research object, refers to a large number of domestic and foreign literature, based on the social risk theory and consumer behavior theory, selects Xi'an urban area of Shaanxi Province as the research area, through the form of questionnaire survey to understand the basic situation of Xi'an consumers, as well as their attitude to genetically modified food and risk perception, and so on. This paper systematically describes the risk perception of consumers to genetically modified food, and discusses the formation mechanism of consumer perception risk of genetically modified food by means of variance analysis and structural equation model. The policy suggestions for the development of genetically modified food in China were put forward, which provided decision-making reference for government agencies and manufacturers. The results show that: (1) there are significant differences in the influence of different demographic characteristics on perceived risk; Male, high-income group, high education level, older consumers with these characteristics are more sensitive to the risk of genetically modified food. (2) the more positive the attitude towards genetically modified technology, the smaller the perceived risk. (3) the stronger the social trust of consumers, the smaller the perceived risk. (4) the more concerned consumers are about health, the greater the perceived risk. (5) the richer the knowledge of genetically modified food, the smaller the perceived risk. Therefore, this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations from the perspective of social organizations, government, enterprises and consumers. Social organizations should provide reliable information channels, establish risk communication mechanism, and increase consumer social trust. Enterprises should strengthen customer education, improve consumers' knowledge of transgenic technology, and take the initiative to safeguard consumers' right to life and health. Government agencies should increase policy transparency, strengthen the supervision of genetically modified foods, enhance the credibility of the government, and enhance consumer confidence. Consumers should give full play to subjective initiative, strengthen the study of genetically modified knowledge, and correctly understand genetically modified food and its safety.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F713.55
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相关期刊论文 前2条
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，本文编号：2503453
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