黑龙江省建设银行服务“三农”信贷业务发展研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 20:04

本文选题：三农　切入点：建设银行　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济转型的不断深化,农业成在保障民生中的作用不断凸显,国家将“三农”问题升级为国家战略层面,相继出台了一系列的“三农”扶持政策,为提高农业化水平以及保障农民生活质量奠定了坚实的基础,因此“三农”逐渐成为民众的聚焦点。国家对于“三农”领域的扶持政策最早要追溯到上个世纪八十年代,中央制定了“一号文件”,文件为我国的农村改革提出了发展方向,有效地调动起农民的积极性,保障了农民的利益,在很长一段时间内解决了农村劳动力问题。上个世纪九十年代,随着改革开放的不断深化,我国经济得到了快速发展,但是农业的发展以及农民的收入却没有跟上时代的步伐,在九十年代末期,农民收入增幅连续下降,与城镇居民的收入差距越来越大。农民由于职业的特殊性,可以满足温饱。但是严重缺乏消费念能力,对于医疗以及教育更是无力支付,鉴于这种现状,对“三农”问题的改革已经迫在眉睫。在我国,农村人口占比以及农业占比都很高,因此“三农”问题是我国经济发展中的重中之重,需要国家出台一系列的政策进行扶持。综合分析,在人财物的政策支持方面,财力支撑应当是排在首位的,但是实际的到位资金还远远不够,这成为制约“三农”发展的主要问题。为了解决资金问题,国家不断出台相关政策,鼓励金融机构加大对“三农”的扶持力度,例如:定向降准,将存款准备经比例与对“三农”扶持力度挂钩等。在政策推动下,商业银行以及农村信用社等金融机构纷纷优化了原有的信贷资产配置,推出了一系列针对“三农”的贷款品种,为解决“三农”资金短板问题提供了帮助。但是,随着我国“三农”改革的不断深化,农业产业机构、农民经营方式等核心要素也在不断的发生变化,原有的金融机构资金扶持方向已经不能满足不断变化的新型需求,而金融机构由于其风控诉求以及其他自身问题而不能及时推出新的贷款品种以及信贷模式,这就出现了供给与需求不对接的问题,因此要保证对“三农”的资金扶持就必须要不断优化信贷模式,满足由于“三农”改革而不断出现的新的需求。在“三农”分析中,以往的文献以及相关学者习惯于使用定量分析的方法,这种方法在使用过程中较为复杂,不易理解,且“三农”在不断发展与优化,量化分析容易出现偏差,对提出解决问题的方式造成影响。本文以建设银行为分析对象,研究分析建设银行的经营环境,以此为基础拓展到“三农”领域,提出金融机构针对“三农”问题的解决方案,以此满足农户在发展需求,为农民致富提供保障,进而推动整个农村经济发展,解决“三农”问题中的资金面缺乏以及需求与供给不对接问题。本文首先对“三农”相关概念进行了界定,并概述了国内外金融机构支持农业发展的经验借鉴;在此基础上,针对黑龙江省建设银行服务“三农”信贷业务的发展现状,进行了业务发展SWOT分析与评价;据此提出了有针对性的黑龙江省建设银行服务“三农”信贷业务发展的对策和建议。本文在研究分析的过程中也存在一些不足之处,例如:采取定性分析的方式进行经营环境研究,虽然更加注重了方向性的研究,但是缺乏精确性;本文中使用的数据中,建设银行的数据相对准确,但是其他潜在竞争者的经营数据都是通过其他渠道得来的,缺乏一定的准确性等。
[Abstract]:With the continuous deepening of China's economic transformation, agriculture continue to highlight the role in safeguarding the people's livelihood in the country, the "three rural" upgraded to the national strategic level, have issued a series of policy of "three rural", and laid a solid foundation for improving the agricultural level and safeguard farmers' quality of life, so the "three rural" has gradually become the focus of people. The policy support for the "three rural" areas of the country can be traced back to the last century in 80s, the Chinese government has formulated the "document", put forward the development direction of the file for the rural reform of our country, effectively mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers, to protect the interests of the farmers. For a long time to solve the problem of rural labor. In 90s of last century, with the deepening of reform and opening-up, China's economy has been rapid development, but the development of agriculture and farmers' income In did not keep pace with the times, in the late 90s, farmer income growth declined continuously, and the income gap between urban residents more and more farmers. Because of the particularity of occupation, can meet the food and clothing consumption. But a serious lack of reading ability, for health care and education is unable to pay, in view of this situation, the reform of the "three rural" the problem is imminent. In our country, the rural population proportion and agriculture very high proportion, so the "three rural issues" is the priority among priorities in the development of China's economy, the country has issued a series of policy support. The comprehensive analysis, in support of their policies, financial support should be ranked in the first place, but the actual capital in place is not enough, the main problem restricting the development of "three agriculture". In order to solve this problem, the state has introduced relevant policies to encourage financial institutions to increase On the "three rural" support, such as targeted RRR cuts, the deposit reserve ratio and the support of the "three rural" hook. Under the policy to promote commercial banks and rural credit cooperatives and other financial institutions have to optimize the allocation of the credit assets, launched a series of the "three rural" loans variety, provide help to solve the "three rural" funds short board problem. However, with the deepening of China's "three rural" reform, agricultural industry organization, farmers management and other core elements are in constant change, the original structure of financial funds to support the direction has been unable to meet the new needs of the changing, and financial because of its risk control mechanism and other problems of their own demands and can not timely launch of new loan products and credit model, which appeared in the supply and demand does not answer the question, so make sure to agriculture "The financial support must constantly optimize the credit model, meet the" three rural "reform because of the emergence of new needs. In the" three rural "analysis method, the literature and relevant scholars to use quantitative analysis used, this method used in the process is more complex, not easy to understand, and the" three rural "in the continuous development and optimization, quantitative analysis is prone to bias, the impact on the way to solve the problem. This paper puts forward the Construction Bank as the research object, analysis of the Construction Bank's operating environment, on the basis of expanding to three rural areas, put forward solutions to the financial institution for the" three rural issues ", in order to meet the farmers in the the development needs, to provide protection for the farmers, and promote the development of rural economy, capital to solve the" three rural "problem in the lack of supply and demand docking problem. This paper first does not The first of the "three rural" defines the related concepts, and summarizes the domestic and foreign financial institutions to support agricultural development experience; on the basis of the current development of the Construction Bank of Heilongjiang province "three rural" service of credit business, analyzed and evaluated the SWOT business development; puts forward the targeted Construction Bank of Heilongjiang province service "countermeasures and suggestions of rural credit business development. This paper also has some deficiencies, in the process of research and analysis for qualitative analysis of business environment research, although pay more attention to the direction of the research, but lack of accuracy; the data used in this paper, the Construction Bank data accurate, but operating data of other potential competitors are obtained through other channels, lack of accuracy.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.43

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