天然气管道泄漏扩散过程光谱检测影响分析

发布时间：2018-01-03 13:09

本文关键词：天然气管道泄漏扩散过程光谱检测影响分析　出处：《东北石油大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：天然气作为一种高效、清洁的优质能源,在全世界范围内广泛使用,但天然气属于危险气体,其高浓度聚集在空气中容易爆炸。目前,天然气主要通过管道运输,但由于其输送距离长、输送环境复杂等因素,导致管道破损、断裂等引起的天然气泄漏事件时有发生,造成了能源浪费、导致了环境污染,甚至产生爆炸、火灾等事故危及人们生命安全。目前,激光检测技术具有可高空、快速非接触等优点,在天然气管道泄漏检测中具有潜在的应用背景,但由于管道泄漏天然气扩散过程及天然气本身光谱特性对激光检测技术存在着一定的影响,导致其推广应用尚存在着一系列技术问题。因此,进行天然气泄漏扩散过程及其天然气光谱检测研究对发展天然气管道泄漏激光检测技术具有重要应用价值和学术意义。考虑到天然气管道泄漏过程中气体扩散影响因素众多,而激光检测技术受其扩散过程影响以及检测条件限制,本文主要分析了架空和埋地天然气管道泄漏扩散对其光谱检测的影响,首先确定了其仿真模型并分析了不同条件对泄漏过程的影响,在此基础上计算研究了天然气光谱检测的影响因素,通过搭建的天然气泄漏检测实验台分别从理论和实验角度对天然气扩散光谱检测进行了研究,为今后开展激光检测天然气扩散规律和管道泄漏测试提供了理论支持,本文主要进行了以下几方面的工作:1.通过分析天然气管道泄漏气体射流特点,结合激光检测技术原理,探讨了天然气管道泄漏过程中气体扩散特性与其光谱特性之间的关联关系。2.建立了架空天然气管道泄漏扩散模型,数值研究了泄漏天然气空中扩散特性,在此基础上分析了其对天然气光谱特性测量的影响,通过研究获得了检测高度、检测时间、泄漏口大小、泄漏口位置、管道压力和风速等对天然气扩散光谱检测的影响规律。3.建立了埋地天然气管道泄漏扩散模型,数值研究了泄漏天然气在土壤中的扩散特性,在此基础上分析了其对天然气光谱特性地面测量的影响,通过研究获得了检测高度、泄漏口大小以及风速等对天然气扩散光谱检测的影响规律。4.通过搭建的天然气扩散光谱检测试验台,测量了泄漏天然气扩散过程的光谱特性,分析了检测距离对其检测的影响。通过本文的研究,获得了架空和埋地天然气管道泄漏扩散过程中不同因素对其激光检测的影响规律,为天然气管道泄漏激光检测技术发展提供了一定的参考依据。
[Abstract]:Natural gas as a clean energy efficient, high quality, widely used in the whole world, but natural gas is a dangerous gas, the high concentrations of explosive in the air. At present, the natural gas transported by pipeline, but due to the long distance transportation, transportation complex environment and other factors, resulting in pipeline breakage, fracture as a result of the gas leakage occurs, resulting in a waste of energy, leads to environmental pollution, and even explosion, fire and other accidents endanger the life safety of people. At present, the laser detection technology has the advantages of high, fast and non-contact etc., in the natural gas pipeline leak detection has potential applications, but because the pipeline the leakage of natural gas diffusion and natural gas spectral characteristics has certain effect on the laser detection technology, the application still exists a series of problems. Therefore, natural Gas leakage diffusion has important application value and academic significance of the detection process and gas leak detection technology of laser spectroscopy. Considering the development of natural gas pipeline natural gas pipeline leakage in the process of gas diffusion is affected by many factors, and the laser detection technology restricted the diffusion process and detection conditions, this paper mainly analyzes the overhead and underground gas pipeline leakage and diffusion effect on the spectrum detection, first determine the simulation model and analyzes the effect of different conditions on the leakage process, calculated on the basis of study on the influential factors of natural gas spectral detection, by building a natural gas leak detection experiment respectively from the aspects of theory and experiment on natural gas diffusion spectrum detection the research for the future development of laser detection on gas diffusion and pipeline leakage test provides theoretical support for this paper The following work: 1. through the analysis of the leakage of gas jet characteristics of natural gas pipeline, combined with the principle of laser detection technology, discusses the natural gas pipeline leakage in the process of gas diffusion between the properties and the spectral characteristics of the relationship of.2. to establish the overhead gas pipeline leakage and diffusion model, numerical study of air diffusion characteristics of a natural gas leak, this based on the analysis of the influence on the measurement of spectral characteristics of natural gas, through the study of the detection of leak detection time, height, size, leak location, pipeline pressure and wind speed on the gas diffusion effect of.3. spectrum detection was established for buried gas pipeline leakage and diffusion model, numerical study on the diffusion characteristics of natural leakage the gas in the soil, on the basis of the analysis of its impact on the natural gas spectral characteristics of ground measurements, obtained through the research and detection of high degree of leakage The gate size and wind speed on the gas diffusion effect of.4. spectrum spectral diffusion test through the structures of natural gas, the spectral characteristics of the leakage of natural gas diffusion process was measured, analyzed the influence of detection distance on the detection. Through this study, the overhead and underground gas pipeline leakage and diffusion of different factors in the process of influence on the laser detection, provide some reference for the development of natural gas pipeline leakage detection technology of laser.

【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU996

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