基于环境行为学的城市街道交往空间研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 20:19

本文关键词：基于环境行为学的城市街道交往空间研究　出处：《河南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市街道自形成以来就是人们户外交往生活的承载空间。由于现阶段城市街道发展的状况主要是为解决日益严重的交通问题,在设计上忽视了街道中行人的需求,提供行人利用的街道空间逐渐被宽阔的道路所代替,造成整个街道环境与行为出现割裂的形式。如今我们的生活节奏越来越快,快到没有时间交流,没有时间呼吸,没有时间感受生活中的快乐。街道中曾经那个富有生气的生活场景也淹没在快速发展的城市当中。街道缺乏安全感与归属感,人们更多的只是在街道匆匆的走过,停留驻足的人们越来越少,在街道生活中人与人的交往与情感交流逐步丧失,生活中的人情味也随之丧失。在这个日益注重情感表达的今天,人们更渴望回归于街道中丰富的交往生活,因此我们应该根据需求而设计,构建一个为人所需的街道交往空间环境已成为一件势在必行的事。本文以环境行为学为主要理论基础,旨在构建为人所需、促进交往的城市街道空间。首先,提取街道交往空间构建时所需的理论支撑。其次利用实地考察法、观察记录法、问卷调查法等方式对街道空间中人们行为需求与空间认知层面的实际现状进行了解。最后从人性化的角度系统总结出构建街道交往空间时的构成要素、满足的功能以及设计原则,为城市街道公共空间设计提出意见。以此唤醒人们对于提高街道人性的关注度,将人性关怀融入城市发展的过程中,从而改善人们的生活环境与生活质量。全文主要分为四个部分：第一部分阐述的是“城市街道空间”,即本文的主体研究对象。首先从街道空间的概念出发将城市街道空间分为交通型街道、生活型街道、商业型街道和复合型街道,并对每一种类型的街道进行叙述,紧接着分析街道空间的物质构成要素。其次,将街道与人们生活的联系,以及演变过程进行分析,以户外活动的三种类型为基础,介绍人与活动环境的关系。最后基于以上的内容与实际现状相结合,总结现有街道所存在的问题,找出关键要解决的街道交往生活缺失的现状并提出解决方法,即构建为人所需的街道交往空间。此章节为下文研究环境行为学与街道交往空间的关系做前期铺垫。第二部分主要讨论环境行为学与街道交往空间的关联。首先简要概述环境行为学与街道交往空间的含义,并将交往空间的基本特征进行描述。其次就环境行为学与交往空间研究的可行性进行分析,总结基于环境行为学的城市街道交往空间环境所研究的层面,分别是行为需求层面与空间认知层面。最后就这两个层面分别作为切入点进行实际调查,分析街道中人的心理需求与空间行为特征,提出构建交往空间的空间意象与场所精神的重要性。第三部分综合前文将街道交往空间环境的构成要素进行分析及总结。首先从满足行为需求的层面入手,其空间的构成要素可以从交通流线、街道设施、可停留空间以及空间尺度进行设置。其次就满足空间认知的街道交往空间构成要素进行总结,主要从街道界面、空间轮廓线、色彩和历史文化方面阐述。第四部分首先讲街道交往空间所满足的功能,即：通行容纳功能、可识别功能、社会交往功能和传承历史文脉的功能。其次,从城市街道空间发展的宏观层面提出相应的设计原则,包含参与性原则、多样性原则、激发活力原则、平等开放原则以及可持续发展原则。在文章最后部分进行了总结,就基于环境行为学的城市街道交往空间环境的发展进行展望,并提出在发展时存在局限性与要应对外界力量。
[Abstract]:Since the formation of the city streets is the outdoors life carrying space. As the stage of city street development situation is mainly to solve the increasingly serious traffic problems, in the design of pedestrian street ignored the needs, provide pedestrian street space utilization is gradually replaced by wide roads, causing the whole street environment and behavior apart form. Now our increasingly fast pace of life, almost no time, no time to breathe, no time to feel the joy of life. Once the lively street life scene also submerged in the rapid development of the city streets. The lack of a sense of security and belonging, more and more people just in the streets pass by in a hurry, people stop less, in the street life exchanges and emotional exchanges between people gradually lose, in the life of human is also lost Lost in this increasingly focus on emotional expression. Today, people are more eager to return to the life rich in the streets, so we should be designed according to the demand, build a required for street communication space environment has become an imperative thing. Based on the environment behavior theory as the main theoretical foundation, which aims to build for people, promote the communication of city streets. First, extract the necessary theoretical support during the construction of the street space. By using field investigation method, observation method, questionnaire survey method to understand the actual situation of street space in people's behavior demand and spatial cognitive level. Finally, from the point of view of humanity system summed up the construction elements of the street space, the functions and design principles, and propose suggestions for city street public space design. In order to awaken people to improve the streets Human attention, will process humanity into the city development, so as to improve the living environment and quality of life of the people. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part is the "city street space", which is the main research object. Firstly, from the concept of street space will be divided into street traffic city street space, street life, commercial street and compound street, and for each type of streets are described, followed by an analysis of the material elements of street space. Secondly, the streets with people's life, and analyzing the evolution process, with three types of outdoor activities based on the relationship between the introducer and activities environment. Finally, the contents of the above and the actual situation are summarized based on the combination of existing streets, find out the lack of street life situation and put forward the key to solve the The solution, which is required for the construction of street communication space. This chapter for the research of relationship of environmental behavior and street intercourse space pre bedding. The second part mainly discusses the environmental behavior and associated Street interaction space. And the street space begins with a brief overview of environmental behavior meaning, basic characteristics and communication the space was described. Then the feasibility study and communication space environment behavior study, summarize the research based on the environmental behavior of city street space environment level, are behavior demand level and spatial cognition level. Finally, the two aspects as a starting point for the actual investigation, analysis of people in the street psychological needs and characteristics of space and behavior, the importance of constructing the communication space of space image and spirit of place. In the third part, based on the above the street space Analyze and summarize the elements between the environment. Starting from satisfying demand level, the elements of space from the traffic flow, road facilities, can stay in space and space scale was set up. Then meet the spatial cognition of street communication space elements were summarized, mainly from the street space interface, contour line. The color and the historical and cultural aspects. The fourth part tells the function of street space, which can accommodate traffic function, identification function, social function and the inheritance of historical context. Secondly, put forward the corresponding design principles from the macro level of street space city development, including participation principle, principle of diversity, stimulate the vitality of the principle of equality principle, open and sustainable development. In the last part of the article is summarized, based on the environmental behavior of city streets communication The development of the space environment is prospected, and the limitations of the development and the response to the external forces are proposed in the development.

【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.1

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