青藏高原连续多年冻土区的冻结层上水季节动态及其对活动层土壤冻融过程的响应特征

发布时间：2018-01-09 04:11

本文关键词：青藏高原连续多年冻土区的冻结层上水季节动态及其对活动层土壤冻融过程的响应特征　出处：《中国科学:地球科学》2015年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：多年冻土地区的地下水系统中的冻结层上水不仅是寒区能水循环中的一个关键组成部分,而且与寒区生态环境变化关系密切,在寒区水文学和寒区陆面过程研究中具有十分重要的作用,但因其动态过程的复杂性和观测研究的诸多困难,尚缺乏对其运动规律、驱动因素与机制的系统认知.在青藏高原连续多年冻土区风火山左冒西孔曲,选择典型高寒草甸坡面,通过2年坡上和坡下不同观测孔地下水动态连续观测,分析了冻结层上水的季节动态变化及其在坡面上的空间分异规律以及活动层的冻融作用对冻结层上水动态变化的影响作用.结果表明,冻结层上水位的季节动态变化具有与活动层土壤温度和水分相似的冻融过程,活动层土壤温度控制了冻结层上水季节动态格局,深层(60 cm以下)土壤水分和不同地带地下水补给来源决定了冻结层上水水位动态变化的位相和幅度.地温与水位动态之间具有显著的Boltzmann函数关系,但在不同活动层深度与不同坡面位置,土壤温度对地下水位动态影响的阈值范围不同,坡面上冻结层上水位动态具有显著的空间变异性.地表覆盖变化和气候变暖将必然引起冻结层上水动态、地下水与河水间水力关系的变化,从而引起流域整体水文过程的改变.
[Abstract]:Suprapermafrost water groundwater system in permafrost area in cold region is not only a key part of the water cycle, and ecological environment changes are closely related, it plays an important role in the study of hydrology and cold and cold in the land surface process, but because of many difficulties and complexity of the dynamic observation and research process. That is still a lack of the law of motion, driving factors and mechanism of the cognitive system. Take the West holes in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau permafrost region left continuous wind volcano, Typical Alpine Meadow slope, through 2 years of the slope and the slope under different groundwater dynamic observation hole continuous observation, analysis of the role of the seasonal variation of the suprapermafrost water and the space on the slope variation and the active layer in the freezing and thawing effect on freezing layer water dynamic changes. The results show that the seasonal dynamic changes of frozen layer with water The active layer of soil moisture and temperature similar to the freezing and thawing process, active layer soil temperature control suprapermafrost water season dynamic pattern, deep (below 60 cm) and soil moisture in different zones of groundwater recharge source determines the phase and amplitude of the frozen layer dynamic changes of water supply water level has the Boltzmann function. The relationship between dynamic temperature and water level. But, in different depth and different slope position, threshold effect of soil temperature on groundwater level in different slope freezing layer water level dynamic with large spatial variability. The land cover change and climate warming will inevitably cause suprapermafrost water dynamic changes of groundwater and river water hydraulic relationship, thus resulting in the whole process of hydrological changes.

【作者单位】：兰州大学资源与环境学院;中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41301024,40925002) 国家重大基础研究发展计划项目(编号:2013CBA01807) 兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项(编号:LZUJBKY-2014-124)资助
【分类号】：P642.14
【正文快照】： 球科学,45:481 493*E-mail:changjuan@lzu.edu.cn国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41301024,40925002)、国家重大基础研究发展计划项目(编号:2013CBA01807)和兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项(编号:LZUJBKY-2014-124)资助严寒气候、多年冻土层和土的季节冻融作用控制和影响了

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