基于多目标约束的东北典型城市配水管网改扩建优化设计

发布时间：2018-01-15 18:01

本文关键词：基于多目标约束的东北典型城市配水管网改扩建优化设计　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近四十年的改革开放以来,伴随着国家综合实力的提高,在城市化进程步伐不断加大的背景下,城市需水量的急剧增长与落后的城市供水能力之间的矛盾日益突出,城市供水能力逐渐成为制约城市发展和社会进步的一个巨大的绊脚石。经过对多个城市的调研、实地踏勘以及理论分析,城市供水能力不满足城市需求的主要原因为以下几点:1、城市配水管网布局不合理,导致管网压力失衡;2、配水管线铺设年代久远、锈蚀严重,跑冒滴漏现象极其严重;3、泵站,阀门井等配水设施陈旧;4、配水管网现状资料不完整等等。城市配水管网系统是一个体量庞大、控制因子复杂、众多、管段节点等组成结构繁冗,具有即时性、且为多因子控制运行的不间断的不可感知却现实存在系统。人们对于不可感知却现实存在的问题,多用建立模型解决。如果不经过系统的计算,就会在实际运行中会出现很多问题,一个小问题连带出来一系列问题,这样就带来很多不必要的麻烦。如果要研究城市管网就需要建立的一个管网模型来模拟整个管网的运行,在模型中解决可能出现的问题,经调试后再实施,这样做无论从经济上还是技术上都节约了大量的资源。本文从东北地区单水源供水的H市以及多水源供水的J市配水管网系统改扩建规划设计实际工程出发,从简单的单水源供水H市着手,通过对城市配水管网系统固有特性的探讨和研究,详细地介绍了给水管网建模理论知识以及其在实际工程的应用。通过对H市现状管网的建模,成功的利用模型将H市现状管网进行模拟运行,模拟出的结果与实际相符,从而验证了模型的准确性以及可行性。最后结合城市总体规划,对管网进行了改扩建设计,在利用模型进行了技术以及经济最优化的设计,将老城区管网的36条管段进行了改造,配水管网最高水压由59m降至49m,最高流速由3.0m/s降至1.5m/s,最大的水头损失由24m/km降至3.0m/km。在更加复杂的多水源供水的J市配水管网,同样得到成功地模拟了现状,以及利用模型给出了J市的最经济合理的管网优化设计方案,将老城区管网的48条管段进行了改造,配水管网最高水压由54m降至45m,最高流速由2.5m/s降至1.2m/s,最大的水头损失由27m/km降至2.5m/km。
[Abstract]:After nearly 40 years of reform and opening up, with the improvement of the comprehensive strength of the country, the pace of urbanization has been increasing. The contradiction between the rapid increase of urban water demand and the backward urban water supply capacity is increasingly prominent. Urban water supply capacity has gradually become a huge stumbling block restricting urban development and social progress. Through the investigation of many cities field exploration and theoretical analysis. The main reasons why the urban water supply capacity does not meet the urban demand are as follows: 1. The distribution network layout is unreasonable, which leads to the imbalance of the pipe network pressure; 2, the distribution pipe line is laid for a long time, corrosion is serious, and the phenomenon of leakage is extremely serious; 3, pump station, valve well and other water distribution facilities old; The distribution network system is a large volume, complex control factors, numerous, pipe segment nodes and other components of the redundant structure, real-time. 4, distribution water distribution network information is not complete and so on. The urban water distribution network system is a huge volume, complex control factors, numerous, pipe segment nodes and other components of redundant, real-time. And for the multi-factor control operation of the uninterrupted imperceptible but real existence system. People for the inperceptible but the reality of the problem, the establishment of a model to solve the problem, if not through the system of calculation. In practice there will be a lot of problems, a small problem associated with a series of problems. If we want to study the urban pipeline network, we need to establish a pipe network model to simulate the operation of the whole pipe network, solve the possible problems in the model, and then implement the model after debugging. In this way, a lot of resources are saved both economically and technically. This paper starts from the actual project of the reconstruction and design of distribution network system of H city with single source water supply and J city with multi-source water supply in Northeast China. Starting from the simple single-source water supply H city, this paper discusses and studies the inherent characteristics of urban distribution water distribution network system. The theoretical knowledge of water distribution network modeling and its application in practical engineering are introduced in detail. Through the modeling of H city present situation pipe network, the model is successfully used to simulate H city current pipe network. The simulation results are consistent with the reality, which verifies the accuracy and feasibility of the model. Finally, combined with the overall planning of the city, the pipe network reconstruction and extension design is carried out. In this paper, the technical and economic optimization design is carried out by using the model, and the 36 pipe sections of the old city pipe network are reformed. The maximum water pressure of the distribution pipe network is reduced from 59m to 49m. The maximum velocity drops from 3.0 m / s to 1.5 m / s, and the maximum head loss decreases from 24 m / km to 3.0 m / km. At the same time, the present situation is successfully simulated, and the most economical and reasonable optimal design scheme of the pipe network in J city is given by using the model, and the 48 pipe sections of the old city pipe network are reformed. The maximum water pressure of the distribution network is reduced from 54 m to 45 m, the maximum flow velocity from 2.5 m / s to 1.2 m / s, and the maximum head loss from 27 m / km to 2.5 m / km.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU991.33

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