挖掘机动臂能量回收系统分析与试验研究

发布时间：2018-01-18 15:10

本文关键词：挖掘机动臂能量回收系统分析与试验研究　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着世界范围内工业技术的迅速发展,资源消耗和环境污染等问题严重影响人类的生产生活,因此节能与环保技术是提高产品竞争力的必然发展趋势。挖掘机是一种被广泛使用的工程机械,其存在耗能高、排放差等问题,因此研究挖掘机的节能技术具有重要的现实意义。本文以DL15-8液压挖掘机为研究对象,搭建了一种以蓄电池为储能元件的液压挖掘机动臂势能回收系统试验台,并进行了相关的理论仿真与试验研究。首先,运用D-H坐标法对挖掘机工作装置建立运动学模型,得到了动臂、斗杆、铲斗的重心的坐标位置,在此基础上得出工作装置势能计算公式。运用ADAMS软件建立挖掘机的动力学模型,得出动臂液压缸活塞杆受力曲线图。其次,分析挖掘机工作装置能量损失机理,针对挖掘机动臂下降时存在势能损失的情况,提出并设计了一种以蓄电池组为储能元件的动臂势能回收系统。建立了动臂势能回收系统的Simulation X仿真模型。通过仿真研究,得出了势能回收的能量值、回收效率,验证了该方案的可行性,为该能量回收系统适用于其他吨位挖掘机提供了理论依据。然后,在DL15-8液压挖掘机的基础上,搭建了挖掘机动臂势能回收系统试验台,进行了相关势能回收验证性试验,并对回收系统的运行稳定性和节能效果进行综合评价,试验结果表明,所提出的动臂势能回收系统运行稳定,具有初步的节能效果。最后分析了影响势能回收效率的几个重要因素。最后,针对试验中动臂势能回收系统动臂下降时间较长、工作效率低等问题,同时为了提高回收效率,分析影响回收效率的因素,进一步研究回收液压马达的关键参数对系统回收效率的影响。对原势能回收系统进行优化,并进行仿真验证分析,其结果为后期进一步研究奠定了良好基础并提供相应依据。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industrial technology in the world, the problems of resource consumption and environmental pollution have seriously affected the production and life of human beings. Therefore, energy-saving and environmental protection technology is the inevitable development trend to improve the competitiveness of products. Excavator is a widely used construction machinery, which has the problems of high energy consumption and poor emission. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the energy-saving technology of excavator. This paper takes DL15-8 hydraulic excavator as the research object. A kind of hydraulic excavator potential energy recovery system with storage battery as energy storage element was built, and the related theoretical simulation and experimental research were carried out. First of all. The kinematics model of excavator working device is established by D-H coordinate method, and the coordinate position of the center of gravity of moving arm, bucket rod and bucket is obtained. On this basis, the calculation formula of working device potential energy is obtained. The dynamic model of excavator is established by using ADAMS software, and the force curve of piston rod of hydraulic cylinder is obtained. Secondly. This paper analyzes the mechanism of energy loss of excavator's working device, aiming at the situation of potential energy loss when the excavator arm drops. This paper presents and designs a potential energy recovery system with accumulator as the energy storage element. The Simulation X simulation model of the potential energy recovery system is established, and the simulation research is carried out. The potential energy recovery value, recovery efficiency and feasibility of the scheme are obtained, which provides a theoretical basis for the energy recovery system to be applicable to other tonnage excavators. On the basis of DL15-8 hydraulic excavator, the test bench of excavator arm potential energy recovery system is built, and the related potential energy recovery verification test is carried out. The operation stability and energy saving effect of the recovery system are comprehensively evaluated. The experimental results show that the proposed potential energy recovery system is stable. Finally, several important factors that affect the recovery efficiency of potential energy are analyzed. Finally, aiming at the problems of long drop time and low working efficiency of the potential energy recovery system in the experiment. At the same time, in order to improve the recovery efficiency, analyze the factors that affect the recovery efficiency, further study the key parameters of the hydraulic motor recovery system on the recovery efficiency, and optimize the original potential energy recovery system. The results of simulation and analysis provide a good foundation for further research and provide the corresponding basis.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU621

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