大型商业综合体火灾人员疏散研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 03:29

本文关键词： 大型商业综合体人员分布安全疏散火灾场景　出处：《西安科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：为了满足城市居民对消费、娱乐和各种商业化的需要,城市建筑物开始向空中和地下延伸,各种高层、超规范建筑物不断涌现。众多商业中心、超级市场、购物广场和综合商场不断扩大规模,商业综合体的形成和发展是城市、社会、经济和科技等领域发展、进步的必然产物。总体来说,商业综合体开始向体积大型化、结构形式复杂化、使用功能多样化等方向发展,但同时也对大型商业综合体的消防安全带来了难题。本论文以某一大型商业综合体为实例,首先,对其各功能区的人员分布进行现场调研,并结合案例实际情况分析其人员使用面积折算率,得出本论文案例内部各个功能区的人员分布密度。其次,实际测量统计成年男女的身高、肩宽,通过实验模拟成年男女在不同密度和可视度情况下的疏散速度,用TOBII眼镜式实验仪器分析各功能区人员的反应时间。最后,用Pathfinder仿真疏散软件,根据不同的火灾场景,通过对模拟运行结果进行分析,比如门的通过率、楼梯使用率和疏散瓶颈等问题,对该商业综合体的安全疏散问题进行研究,提出其疏散路径与疏散措施,以及日常消防管理方面的措施,以弥补案例本身设计的缺陷和在紧急疏散时可能出现的问题,以利于火灾中的人员疏散,确保在任何时候人员都能够安全疏散。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the needs of urban residents for consumption, entertainment and various commercial needs, urban buildings began to extend to the air and underground, a variety of high-rise, superstandard buildings continue to emerge. Many commercial centers, supermarkets. Shopping malls and comprehensive shopping malls are expanding scale, the formation and development of commercial complexes is the inevitable outcome of urban, social, economic and technological development and progress. Generally speaking. Commercial complexes began to develop in the direction of large volume, complicated structure and diversified functions. But at the same time, it also brings problems to the fire safety of large-scale commercial complex. This paper takes a large commercial complex as an example, first of all, the distribution of personnel in each functional area is investigated. And combined with the actual situation of the case analysis of the conversion rate of the area used in this paper, the case of each functional area of the distribution of staff density. Secondly, the actual measurement of adult men and women's height, shoulder width. The evacuation speed of adult men and women in different density and visibility was simulated, and the reaction time of people in each functional area was analyzed with TOBII glasses. Finally. Using Pathfinder to simulate evacuation software, according to different fire scenarios, through the analysis of simulation results, such as the pass rate of doors, staircase utilization and evacuation bottlenecks and so on. This paper studies the safety evacuation of the commercial complex and puts forward the evacuation path and evacuation measures, as well as the daily fire management measures. To make up for the defects in the design of the case itself and the problems that may arise in the emergency evacuation to facilitate the evacuation of people in the fire and to ensure the safe evacuation of people at all times.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU998.1

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