基于FDS的高层建筑火灾疏散系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-02-24 23:16

本文关键词： 火灾疏散 RFID 虚拟现实　出处：《北京工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：智能消防系统是未来楼宇消防的发展方向,仿真模拟技术作为研究消防安全的有效手段,在智能消防系统领域具有良好的应用前景。成功的火灾仿真实验,可以为智能消防系统的设计提供可靠依据。完善的楼宇智能消防系统,能够在火灾发生时及时报警并指导人员疏散,将火灾造成的人员伤亡的风险降低。本文参考当前消防疏散系统的研究成果,本文提出了一套适用于高层建筑物,能够预先模拟评估火灾危险程度,根据人员实时分布情况,指导人员进行逃生的火灾疏散系统。本文的主要工作如下:1.对一栋高层建筑物进行建模及火灾模拟。通过FDS技术进行多次火灾模拟,模拟得到了温度变化、烟气流动、有害气体扩散的情况,总结不同火灾情况下火灾的蔓延情况,从而评估出火情的危险程度,及人员逃生的安全时间。2.对楼内的消防安全硬件设备进行了集成,并实现集中控制。本文使用RFID设备实现了获取人群分布情况,使用LED显示屏作为逃生指导设备,设计了硬件设备的部署方案,并且将设备安装到实际的高层建筑之中。3.将火灾模拟和硬件控制两大工作内容进行了整合,并实现火灾预案的编辑功能,最终完成了火灾疏散系统的制作。本文进行了详细的软件功能设计,并针对软件编程实现的情况进行了介绍。
[Abstract]:Intelligent fire control system is the development direction of building fire control in the future. As an effective means to study fire safety, simulation and simulation technology has a good application prospect in the field of intelligent fire control system. It can provide a reliable basis for the design of intelligent fire control system. A perfect building intelligent fire control system can alarm in time when a fire occurs and guide the evacuation of personnel. The risk of casualties caused by fire is reduced. Referring to the current research results of fire evacuation system, this paper presents a set of fire hazards for high-rise buildings, which can be simulated and evaluated in advance, according to the distribution of personnel in real time. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. Modeling and fire simulation of a high-rise building. Fire simulation is carried out through FDS technology, and the temperature change and smoke flow are simulated. The situation of harmful gas diffusion, summarized the fire spread situation under different fire conditions, thus assessed the dangerous degree of the fire situation, and the safety time of personnel escape. 2. Integrated the fire safety hardware equipment in the building, In this paper, the RFID equipment is used to obtain the distribution of the crowd, and the LED display screen is used as the escape guidance equipment. The deployment scheme of the hardware equipment is designed. And the installation of the equipment into the actual high-rise building .3. the fire simulation and hardware control of the two major work content integration, and achieve the editing function of the fire plan, Finally, the design of fire evacuation system is finished. The software function is designed in detail, and the implementation of software programming is introduced.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU976.5

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