城市排水系统优化改建对策研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 12:04

本文关键词： 雨水管网改建多目标优化耦合寻优可持续雨水系统　出处：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,城市内涝灾害频繁发生,使城市蒙受大额经济财产损失,也给人们正常生产生活带来诸多不便；不仅如此,城市内涝还对自然和人居环境以及公共安全构成重大隐患,在一定程度上制约社会的和谐、可持续发展。城市雨水管网作为城市排水(雨水)系统的关键组成部分,具有收集、排放地面雨水等的功能,在防洪排涝过程中发挥重要作用。目前一些城市的雨水管网呈现出许多弊端,如原有管网设计标准低、设计方法不合理、管网运行过程中管理维护机制欠缺等。因此,研究如何经济合理地对现状管网进行改建,使其排水能力大幅提高,以满足城市发展对排水工程的要求,是城市防洪除涝的重要内容。现状对于城市雨水管网建设的研究多集中于新区管网优化设计方面,受资料、资金及技术条件等的限制,老城区雨水管网优化改建研究相对比较少。本文以大连市具有代表性的老城区排水区作为工程背景,从以下四个方面对城市雨水管网优化改建进行了深入研究：(1)以管径为优化变量,在以降低造价为目标的单目标优化模型基础上,加入提升排水能力和减少管段改建数量的目标,建立管网改建多目标优化模型,并应用改进遗传算法NSGA-II进行优化计算,寻优得到管径组合改建方案；(2)基于Java运行平台,将SWMM源代码嵌入优化算法NSGA-II中进行寻优,实现了优化算法与水力模型的耦合,减少寻优与结果模拟之间的人工操作,大幅提高计算精度与效率；(3)在优化结果基础上,利用多目标模糊优选模型对可行改建方案集进行筛选,加入决策者的主观意愿,满足不同规划目标与需求,改建方案更具灵活性与可行性；(4)基于低影响开发可持续雨水系统理论,在现状管网基础上加入蓄水池、透水砖、植被缓冲带等附属设施及构筑物,并对各方案进行模拟,评估改建效果、经济指标与社会价值。本文以费用、施工、排水能力等为目标函数,建立管网改建多目标优化模型,用优化算法耦合水力学计算软件筛选寻优,用多目标模糊优选模型进行方案优选,结合先进的雨水管理理念对排水系统进行完善,以期在城内内涝治理方面具有借鉴与应用价值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, urban waterlogging disasters occur frequently, which make the city suffer a large amount of economic property losses, but also bring many inconvenience to people's normal production and life. Moreover, urban waterlogging also poses a major hidden danger to the natural and human environment as well as public safety. To a certain extent, it restricts the harmonious and sustainable development of society. As a key component of urban drainage system (Rain Water), urban rainwater network has the functions of collecting, discharging and so on. It plays an important role in the process of flood control and drainage. At present, there are many disadvantages in rainwater pipe network in some cities, such as the low design standard of the original pipe network, the unreasonable design method, the lack of management and maintenance mechanism in the operation of the pipe network, and so on. This paper studies how to reconstruct the present pipe network economically and reasonably so that its drainage capacity can be greatly improved in order to meet the requirements of urban development for drainage works. It is an important content of urban flood control and waterlogging. The current research on urban rainwater pipe network construction is mainly focused on the optimization design of new district pipe network, restricted by the data, funds and technical conditions, etc. The research on the optimization and reconstruction of the rainwater pipe network in the old urban area is relatively few. This paper takes the representative drainage area of Dalian as the engineering background. From the following four aspects, the optimization and reconstruction of urban rainwater pipe network are studied in depth. (1) taking pipe diameter as optimization variable, on the basis of single objective optimization model with the goal of reducing cost, adding the goal of increasing drainage capacity and reducing the number of pipe segment remodeling. The multi-objective optimization model of pipe network reconstruction is established, and the optimized calculation is carried out by using the improved genetic algorithm (NSGA-II), and the pipe-diameter combination reconstruction scheme is obtained. Based on the Java running platform, the SWMM source code is embedded in the optimization algorithm NSGA-II for optimization. The coupling of optimization algorithm and hydraulic model is realized, the manual operation between optimization and result simulation is reduced, and the calculation accuracy and efficiency are greatly improved. The multi-objective fuzzy optimal selection model is used to screen the set of feasible reconstruction schemes, and the subjective will of the decision makers is added to meet the different planning objectives and needs. The reconstruction scheme is more flexible and feasible. Based on the theory of developing sustainable Rain Water system with low influence, we add water storage tank, permeable brick, vegetation buffer zone and other ancillary facilities and structures to the current pipe network, and simulate each scheme. In this paper, the cost, construction and drainage capacity are taken as objective functions to set up a multi-objective optimization model for pipe network reconstruction, and the optimization algorithm is used to combine the hydraulic calculation software to screen and search for optimization. The multi-objective fuzzy optimal selection model is used to optimize the scheme and the advanced management concept of Rain Water is used to perfect the drainage system in order to have reference and application value in the control of waterlogging in the city.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU992

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