我国高层住宅中设置自动喷水灭火系统的可行性研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 13:27

本文关键词： 高层住宅火灾自动喷水灭火系统经济可行性 FDS 灭火可靠性　出处：《西华大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2004年到2013年的火灾数据显示,消火栓给水系统作为高层住宅的最主要的灭火方式,未能很好的控制我国住宅火灾发生起数和火灾死亡人数。可见寻求一种新的灭火方式已经迫在眉睫。相关数据显示在美国居住建筑和公寓中安装了自动喷水灭火系统灭火可靠性高达98%。本论文利用消防经济学的知识和火灾数值模拟软件对我国高层住宅中设置自动喷水灭火系统的可行性进行研究,以期对自动喷水灭火系统在我国高层住宅内的应用与发展有所裨益。本文首先介绍了高层住宅火灾的发生原因、发展过程、火灾特点以及常用的灭火减灾的方式,指出控制火灾的最佳时机。然后结合工程实例对高层住宅中设置不同灭火方式的成本进行分析,说明了在高层住宅中增加自动喷水灭火系统所增加的成本所占的比例小。而后结合消防经济学的知识,利用数据和论述说明在高层住宅中设置自动喷水系统在经济上是可行的。最后用火灾数值模拟软件(FDS)模拟了在高层住宅客厅中发生火灾时的三种不同工况,对比三种不同情况下,火势发展、喷头启动、灭火时间、火场温度、火场能见度以及火场中有毒有害气体的含量等参数。并通过图片和文字说明自动喷水系统在高层住宅发生火灾时能及时的发现并扑灭火灾,控制火场中温度、有毒有害气体的含量,很好的保护人们的生命、财产安全,验证了高层住宅中安装自动喷水系统在灭火可靠性上是可行的。
[Abstract]:Fire data from 2004 to 2013 show that the hydrant water supply system is the most important fire extinguishing method for high-rise residential buildings. Failed to control the number of house fires and the number of people killed. It is urgent to find a new way to extinguish the fire. Data show that automatic sprinkler is installed in residential buildings and apartments in the United states. The fire extinguishing reliability of the system is as high as 98. The feasibility of automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system in high-rise residential buildings in China is studied by using the knowledge of fire economics and numerical simulation software. The purpose of this paper is to benefit the application and development of automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing system in high-rise residential buildings in China. Firstly, this paper introduces the causes, development process, fire characteristics and common fire extinguishing and mitigation methods of high-rise residential buildings. The best time to control the fire is pointed out. Then the cost of setting different fire extinguishing modes in high-rise residential buildings is analyzed with engineering examples. It is shown that the increase in the cost of automatic sprinkler system in high-rise residential buildings is small, and then combined with the knowledge of fire economics, It is proved that it is economically feasible to set up automatic sprinkler system in high-rise residential building by using data and discussion. Finally, three different working conditions of fire in the living room of high-rise residential building are simulated by using numerical fire simulation software (FDS). Compared with three different conditions, fire development, sprinkler start, fire extinguishing time, fire site temperature, The visibility of the fire site and the content of toxic and harmful gases in the fire site are all parameters. The automatic water spraying system can timely detect and extinguish the fire and control the temperature of the fire site when a fire occurs in a high-rise building through pictures and words. The content of toxic and harmful gases, which can protect people's lives and property safety, proves that the installation of automatic sprinkler system in high-rise residential buildings is feasible in fire extinguishing reliability.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU976.5

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