强震下基于SMA智能隔震支座的结构半主动控制研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 10:15

本文选题：SMA智能隔震支座　切入点：隔震　出处：《辽宁工程技术大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着人类的发展,社会的进步,人们对生活质量的要求越来越高,城市建设的脚步越来越快,建筑是点缀美化城市的,是一个城市发展水平的重要标志。城市的高层或者超高层建筑越来越多,同时自然灾害(风载荷和地震)对建筑的破坏是客观存在的,为了减小甚至是遏制自然灾害带来的损失,建筑结构的隔震技术就显得尤为重要了。半主动结构控制是主动控制与被动控制相结合的产物,本文是在前人研制的叠层橡胶支座的基础上用形状记忆合金(SMA)有效的、合理的布置在橡胶支座的四周,并在隔震结构中加入温感控制器来充分发挥SMA绞线的形状记忆效应的特性,三者有效的结合在一起研制出SMA智能隔震支座。分析并研究了SMA智能隔震支座的工作过程以及工作原理,用结构动力学分析法写出了运动方程,利用有限元分析软件对基于隔震支座对的三层框架结构进行模拟分析研究隔震支座的力学性能,并对位移、加速度进行时程分析,此外还对半主动控制存在的时滞效应问题提出了两种补偿策略且模拟分析了补偿策略的效果。得到了以下结论：(1)温控传感器使SMA绞线充分发挥出了形状记忆效应的特性,有效的改变隔震系统的阻尼和增大回复力,进而使上部建筑物结构的位移、加速度响应变小,最终使隔震系统有了良好的隔震效果,并且使整个结构的稳定性有所提升,此外还使隔震结构具有了智能性、自适应性。(2)通过模拟分析,三种支座(普通叠层橡胶支座、SMA——叠层橡胶复合支座、SMA智能隔震支座)相比之下,SMA智能隔震支座的隔震效果最佳。(3)半主动控制系统的时滞效应是客观存在的,为了最大程度上减小其影响,提出了移相法和状态补偿法。移相法和状态补偿法在一定程度上与实时结构控制效果差不多,都具有一定的实用性和可执行性。以上对SMA智能隔震支座的研究与分析,这对以后的结构振动控制的隔震设计以及工程实际应用提供微薄的理论基础。
[Abstract]:With the development of human beings and the progress of society, people have higher and higher demands on the quality of life, and the pace of urban construction is getting faster and faster. Buildings are embellished and beautified the city. It is an important symbol of a city's development level. There are more and more high-rise or super-tall buildings in the city. At the same time, the damage caused by natural disasters (wind loads and earthquakes) to buildings is objective. In order to reduce or even contain the damage caused by natural disasters, the isolation technology of building structures is particularly important. Semi-active structure control is the product of combining active control with passive control. In this paper, based on the laminated rubber bearings developed by the predecessors, the shape memory alloy (SMA) is used to effectively and reasonably arrange the rubber bearings around them. A temperature sensing controller is added to the isolated structure to give full play to the shape memory effect of SMA strands. The working process and working principle of SMA intelligent isolation bearing are analyzed and studied, and the motion equation is written out by structural dynamics analysis. The finite element analysis software is used to simulate the three-story frame structure based on the isolation support. The mechanical performance of the isolation support is studied, and the displacement and acceleration are analyzed in time history. In addition, two compensation strategies are proposed for the delay effect of semi-active control, and the effect of the compensation strategy is simulated and analyzed. The following conclusion is drawn: 1) the temperature control sensor makes the SMA strand give full play to the shape memory effect. The damping of the isolation system is changed effectively and the recovery force is increased, and then the displacement and acceleration response of the upper building structure is reduced, finally the isolation system has a good isolation effect, and the stability of the whole structure is improved. In addition, the isolation structure is intelligent and adaptive. The delay effect of semi-active control system of three kinds of bearings (common laminated rubber bearing SMA-laminated rubber composite bearing and SMA intelligent isolation support) is objective, compared with the best isolation effect of SMA intelligent isolation support. In order to minimize its influence, the phase shift method and the state compensation method are proposed. The phase shift method and the state compensation method have the same effect as the real time structure control method to some extent. The research and analysis of SMA intelligent isolation support provide a theoretical basis for the isolation design of structural vibration control in the future and the practical application of engineering.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU352.12

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