西南山地历史城镇文化景观演进过程及其动力机制研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 23:32

本文选题：西南山地　切入点：历史城镇　出处：《西部人居环境学刊》2015年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】："文化景观"作为一种反映人(主体)与自然(客体)相互影响、动态关联的景观对象,其概念最早源自西方文化地理学界。1992年世界遗产委员会将其作为一种遗产对象纳入世界遗产范畴,强调从价值意涵层面对历史遗产进行文化解读与传承。作为一种新的遗产对象,文化景观突破了传统"自然—人文"、"有形—无形"、"保护—发展"二元认识论的局限,强调以一种综合、整体、动态的认知与思维方式去看待和理解历史景观对象,引发了世界遗产界对遗产真实性与完整性问题的重新认识,同时也为我国历史城镇景观的保护、地域特色的塑造以及传统人居环境的持续发展打开了新的视野。本文旨在以文化景观视角切入历史城镇空间文化关系的分析,应对当前西南地区快速城镇化背景下地域空间文化特色遭受现代化冲击的现实问题;以复合、动态的方式,将西南山地历史城镇作为一种文化景观对象加以研究,探索创新性的保护方法。针对全文的这一主旨,本文在理论研究、基础研究以及应用研究的三个板块分别提出"建构文化景观视角下历史城镇空间文化关系分析研究理论框架"、"提炼西南山地历史城镇文化与景观演进的过程规律与动力机制"、"创新该地域内历史城镇保护更新方法策略"的三方面具体目标,并围绕上述目标形成文章的三个创新点。从研究的地域范围来看,本文所指的西南山地主要聚焦于西南地区以川、渝、云、贵四省为核心范围,直接建设于崎岖山地环境中或丘陵地带以山地环境为背景的城镇对象。研究中,在对该地域范围内45座历史城镇、村寨进行了实地走访调研的基础上,文章重点选取了四川阆中、仙市、自贡、罗城,重庆磁器口、西沱,云南大理、丽江、独克宗、诺邓以及贵州镇远、青岩、肇兴侗寨等13座西南历史名城与村镇作为论述的典型案例。在文化景观视角下,这些城镇类似于一种"有机进化景观"。作为历史城镇,它具有"物质"与"文化"的双重属性;作为山地城镇,它又呈现出"人工"与"自然"融合的特征;作为进化中的城镇,村寨与城镇则可归并为时间长河中城镇发展不同阶段的状态。从研究内容来看,文章主体部分共分为七个章节。第一章"绪论"是对研究论题的提出;第二章"文化景观遗产概念的发展与价值启示"是对理论背景与现状问题的综述;第三章"文化景观视角下历史城镇研究方法探析"是全文研究理论框架的建构;第四章"西南山地历史城镇发展背景与文化类型梳理"是对本文研究地域背景的梳理与案例城镇的筛选;第五、六章节"西南山地历史城镇景观演进过程分析"与"西南山地历史城镇文化动力机制提取"则是基于第三、四章节的理论建构与案例选取,对西南山地案例城镇的基础研究;最后,第七章"文化景观视角下西南山地历史城镇保护方法"则是基于全文理论与基础研究的一种实践应用探索。通过全文的分析,文章建构出历史城镇"文化—空间—时间"的多维分析框架,从理论研究层面创新了历史城镇的研究方法;在该方法指导下,通过对地域典型案例城镇各阶段景观共性与特性的分析,文章总结出了西南山地历史城镇"初生聚核、发展分异、成熟组织、衰败退化"的演进规律,以及"人居、职能、历史、精神"文化对城镇景观"默化、主导、牵引、渗透"的动力机制,丰富了关于该地域中历史城镇建成环境基础内容;最后,基于前述研究,文章提出了"景观—文化"协同演进的历史城镇活态保护策略,将历史城镇景观演进规律与动力机制作为城镇现实与未来发展的方向指引,创新了历史城镇的保护方法,强化了理论与基础研究的现实意义。
[Abstract]:"Cultural landscape" as a reflection of people (subject) and nature (object) interaction, dynamic association of landscape, the concept first originated from the Western cultural geography.1992 annual World Heritage Committee as a heritage object into the world heritage category, emphasizes the interpretation and cultural heritage with historical heritage from value meaning layer. As a new cultural landscape heritage, breaking the traditional "nature and humanity", "tangible intangible", "protection and development" two yuan of epistemological limitations, emphasizing a comprehensive, holistic, dynamic cognition and way of thinking to understand the historical landscape object, led the world re understanding of the problem of heritage world heritage authenticity and integrity, but also to protect the history of China's urban landscape, shape regional characteristics and sustainable development of traditional residential environment opened up new horizons for the purpose of this paper is to. Cut into the analysis of the relationship between history of urban space culture in cultural landscape from the perspective of practical problems, deal with the current regional cultural characteristics under the background of rapid urbanization in Southwest China suffered the impact of modernization; the composite, dynamic way, the historic town of southwest mountainous landscape as a cultural object to study the protection methods of innovative exploration in this. The purpose, based on the theoretical research, three plate research and application were put forward "construction of urban space between the historical culture landscape from the perspective of theoretical analysis and research framework", "process and dynamic mechanism of" refining southwest historic town culture in mountainous area and landscape evolution, the three aspects of the specific goal of innovation in this region the protection of historical urban renewal strategy ", three methods of innovation and the formation of this article focuses on the above-mentioned goals. From the research area, this paper The main focus of the southwest mountainous region in the southwest region in Sichuan, Chongqing, cloud, expensive four province as the core, direct construction in a rugged environment of mountains or hilly areas of the town for the mountain in the background object environment. In the study, the region within the scope of the 45 historic towns, villages were based on field investigation on this paper selects the Sichuan Xian City, Langzhong, Zigong, Chongqing City, Ciqikou, Xituo, Yunnan Dali, Lijiang, and Guizhou dukezong, Nuo Deng Zhenyuan, Qingyan, Zhaoxing 13 southwestern historical cities and villages as the typical case of the cultural landscape. In view. The town is similar to a "organic evolution landscape". As a historical town, it has a "material" and "culture" of the dual attribute; as a mountainous town, it also presents the feature of "artificial fusion" and "natural"; as the evolution of towns, villages and towns can be merged Different stages of the development of the state for the town in the river of time. From the research point of view, the main part of the article is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter "Introduction" is put forward on the research topic; the second chapter "the concept of cultural landscape heritage value and Enlightenment" is a summary of the theoretical background and present problems; the third chapter of historical research methods from the perspective of urban cultural landscape construction is the theoretical framework of this paper research; the fourth chapter "the historical background and development of the southwest mountainous towns cultural type comb" are the selection of carding and case study of urban geographical background; the fifth, sixth chapter "the Southwest Mountainous historic towns landscape evolution analysis" and "extraction" in Southwest China the mountain historical towns cultural motive mechanism is selected and the theory construction of third, fourth chapters based on the case studies based on case in southwest mountainous towns; finally, the seventh chapter "from the perspective of cultural landscape Southwest Mountain historical towns protection method "is the theoretical foundation of this research and a practical exploration based on. Through the above analysis, the article constructs the historic town" cultural space time "multidimensional analysis framework, the research methods of history of the town from the aspect of theoretical research and innovation; in the method under the guidance of through the analysis of typical cases in each stage of regional urban landscape commonness and characteristics, the article sums up the primary historical town of Southwest Mountainous poly nuclear differentiation, development, mature tissue degeneration," the evolution of the law, and the "living, function, history, the spirit of" culture of urban landscape "silent, leading, traction," the penetration power mechanism, enrich the content about environmental infrastructure built the historic town of the area; finally, based on the above research, this paper puts forward "cultural landscape" historic town co evolution living protection strategy, the history of the city The evolution rule and dynamic mechanism of town landscape, as the direction of urban reality and future development, have innovated the protection methods of historic towns, and strengthened the practical significance of theory and basic research.

【作者单位】：重庆大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51178479)
【分类号】：TU984.1

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