室内燃气泄漏扩散模拟及爆炸后果分析

发布时间：2018-03-07 09:28

本文选题：室内燃气泄漏　切入点：扩散　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：能源问题,一直是左右经济的大问题。随着石油资源的日益减少,天然气由于其巨大的储量,以及其清洁性,开始受到人们的重视,越来越多的居民用户开始选择天然气作为主要能源。天然气给人们带来便利的同时,也不可避免的带来危险。天然气是一种可燃气体,通过燃气管道或者燃气灶,都有可能造成泄漏,泄漏的燃气在室内发生扩散,天然气的浓度值会增大到爆炸下限,在有点火源的情况下,会引爆泄漏的燃气,从而发生爆炸,这将对建筑物以及室内人员造成难以挽回的损失。所以,研究室内燃气泄漏扩散规律,分析爆炸之后的危险效应,对燃气管网正常运行以及居民安全用气的作用是非常大的。本文研究的是室内发生燃气泄漏的工况,利用数值模拟的方法,对该工况进行模拟,得到不同影响因素下的扩散规律,并对发生爆炸的后果进行计算分析。主要过程如下:总结和比较现有燃气泄漏和扩散模型,结合本文工况,建立合适数学模型;建立包括三大基本方程、组分输运方程以及混合气体密度方程的燃气泄漏扩散基本方程组,应用有限体积法进行离散化处理,湍流模型为考虑浮力修正的k~ε模型,应用FLUENT软件对燃气双眼灶灶孔发生泄漏事故进行数值模拟;通过改变泄漏时间、泄漏速度、窗户入风、窗户开度以及泄漏气体得到不同影响因素下,室内燃气分布规律;泄漏房间发生爆炸后,按照天然气最低浓度值为2%,进行了危险区域的划分,应用TNT当量法对爆炸后果计算,应用超压准则,分析其对建筑物以及室内人员所造成的伤害。本文在现有研究的基础上,对影响燃气扩散规律的多种因素进行了分析,应用数值模拟的方法,得到了不同影响因素下室内燃气扩散规律;利用工程理论的方法,对爆炸后果进行了计算,这对居民安全用气以及工程上对于爆炸效应的计算都有借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:With the decreasing of oil resources, natural gas is getting more and more attention because of its huge reserves and its cleanliness. More and more residents begin to choose natural gas as the main energy source. While natural gas brings convenience to people, it inevitably brings danger. Natural gas is a kind of combustible gas that passes through gas pipelines or gas stoves. It is possible to cause a leak, the leaking gas will spread indoors, the concentration of the natural gas will increase to the lower limit of the explosion, and if there is a fire source, the leaked gas will be detonated, and the explosion will occur. This will cause irreparable damage to buildings and interior personnel. Therefore, the study of indoor gas leakage and diffusion law, analysis of the dangerous effects after the explosion, It is very important to the normal operation of the gas pipeline network and the safety of the residents. In this paper, the working condition of gas leakage in the room is studied, and the numerical simulation method is used to simulate the working condition. The main process is as follows: summarize and compare the existing gas leakage and diffusion models, and establish the appropriate mathematical model combined with the working conditions in this paper; The basic equations of gas leakage and diffusion including three basic equations, component transport equations and mixed gas density equations are established. The finite volume method is used to discretize the equations. The turbulence model is a k- 蔚 model considering buoyancy correction. FLUENT software was used to simulate the leakage accident of gas binocular stove hole, and the indoor gas distribution was obtained by changing the leakage time, leakage velocity, window entry air, window opening and leakage gas. After the explosion occurred in the leaking room, the dangerous area was divided according to the minimum gas concentration of 2, and the TNT equivalent method was applied to calculate the explosion consequence, and the overpressure criterion was applied. On the basis of the existing research, this paper analyzes many factors that affect the gas diffusion law, and applies the numerical simulation method. The diffusion law of indoor gas under different influence factors is obtained, and the consequences of explosion are calculated by using the method of engineering theory, which can be used for reference in the calculation of safety gas for residents and for the calculation of explosion effect in engineering.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU996.9

【引证文献】