工业循环冷却水系统安全与节能设计对策

发布时间：2018-03-10 18:06

本文选题：循环冷却水系统　切入点：安全　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：工业循环冷却水系统作为主工艺生产的生命线,具有系统复杂、用户多、水量大、循环水介质种类多等特点,对是维护设备正常运行和保证生存安全至关重要,且系统能耗极高。在工业循环冷却水系统设计过程中,充分考虑运行安全、贯彻节能措施,开展安全与节能设计,降低水系统的安全风险和电耗,将有助于提高整个项目的安全,有效控制整个项目的能耗。在分析工业循环冷却水系统基本工作原理的基础上,建立了工业循环冷却水系统节能设计方法,提出了循环冷取水系统管路设计及设备选型对策;针对生产设备冷却水系统水力不平衡问题提出来具体的解决方案;在分析冷却塔冷却效果不佳的原因的基础上提出了改进冷却效果的设计对策;此外,还对循环水泵抢水级电机过载等提出了安全保障对策。主要结论包括:(1)针对逆流冷却塔,建立了基于焓差法的热力学模型,提出了基于数值积分的求解方法和冷却塔冷却数和特性数的计算方法,论述了填料特性和气水比对冷却效果的影响;(2)针对典型的冷却设计要求,根据冷却塔冷却数和特性数曲线,提出了气水比、空气流量及填料体积的设计方法;在分析了蒸发、风吹和排污损失水量等的影响因素的基础上,提出了循环冷却水系统补水量的计算方法和循环冷却水系统中供水及送风单元的设计方法。(3)从设计的角度分析了工业循环冷却水系统常见的运行问题及产生原因。认为改进配水系统和同程设置管路,可平衡冷却水系统的水流量和水压;合理确定冷却塔填料的容积传质系数(kxv)和设置环状网,可改善冷却塔的冷却效果;增加冷却水池容积或在系统回水主管管路末端设置缓闭式阀门,可解决集水池被抽空的问题;改善水泵吸水条件或合理确定水泵的开启台数,可避免循环水泵抢水及电机过载问题。(4)基于工业循环冷却水系统的循环水泵和风机的动力消耗讨论,提出节能对策包括:对冷却塔填料的热力和阻力特性事先进行系统的测试,对循环冷却水系统进行科学合理的优化设计;对于生产过程复杂的工业企业,对循环冷却水的余热进行全面合理的利用;采用变频技术、节电设备和工艺和对循环冷却水进行防腐蚀和防结垢处理,实现动力设备系统的节能运行。
[Abstract]:As the lifeline of main process production, industrial circulating cooling water system has the characteristics of complex system, more users, large amount of water and many kinds of circulating water medium. It is very important to maintain the normal operation of equipment and ensure the safety of survival. And the system energy consumption is very high. In the design process of industrial circulating cooling water system, fully consider the operation safety, carry out energy-saving measures, carry out safety and energy saving design, reduce the safety risk and power consumption of water system, It will help to improve the safety of the whole project and effectively control the energy consumption of the whole project. Based on the analysis of the basic working principle of the industrial circulating cooling water system, the energy saving design method of the industrial circulating cooling water system is established. The pipeline design and equipment selection strategy of circulating cooling water system are put forward, and the concrete solution to the problem of hydraulic imbalance in cooling water system of production equipment is put forward. Based on the analysis of the reasons for the poor cooling effect of the cooling tower, the design countermeasures for improving the cooling effect are put forward, in addition, the safety and security countermeasures are put forward for the overload of the circulating water pump grade-level motor, etc. The main conclusions include: 1) the countercurrent cooling tower, The thermodynamic model based on enthalpy difference method is established, and the solution method based on numerical integration and the calculation method of cooling tower cooling number and characteristic number are put forward. According to the cooling number and characteristic number curve of cooling tower, the design method of air-water ratio, air flow rate and packing volume are put forward, and evaporation is analyzed. On the basis of the influence factors of wind blowing and water loss of sewage, This paper puts forward the calculation method of the supplementary water quantity in the circulating cooling water system and the design method of the water supply and air supply unit in the circulating cooling water system. From the design point of view, the common operation problems and the causes of the industrial circulating cooling water system are analyzed. ... Considering that the water distribution system should be improved and pipes should be arranged at the same time, The cooling efficiency of cooling tower can be improved by determining the volumetric mass transfer coefficient (KXV) of the packing of cooling tower reasonably and setting the annular net, which can balance the water flow and water pressure of the cooling water system. Increasing the volume of cooling water pool or setting a slow closed valve at the end of the system backwater main line can solve the problem that the collecting pool is emptied, improve the water absorption condition of the pump or reasonably determine the number of opening tables of the pump, On the basis of the discussion on the power consumption of circulating water pump and fan in industrial circulating cooling water system, the energy saving countermeasures are put forward, which include: testing the thermodynamic and resistance characteristics of cooling tower packing in advance. Scientific and reasonable optimization design of circulating cooling water system; comprehensive and reasonable utilization of waste heat of circulating cooling water for industrial enterprises with complex production process; use of frequency conversion technology, Energy-saving equipment and process and anti-corrosion and anti-scaling treatment of circulating cooling water are carried out to realize energy-saving operation of power equipment system.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU991.4

【参考文献】