供暖锅炉控制系统的研究

发布时间：2018-04-11 01:21

  本文选题：供暖锅炉 + 管网模型　； 参考：《辽宁科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国北方城市冬季供暖大多使用燃煤热水锅炉,由于控制设备老化陈旧,环保措施不完善,操作方法落后等原因致使锅炉运行效率低,能源浪费严重,污染物排放不达标,违背了锅炉运行的经济、高效、对环境污染少的宗旨。最新研究表明,空气中PM2.5升高的主要原因是煤燃烧造成的。随着社会进步及国民生活质量提高,人们对生活环境质量的关注度越来越高,对城市冬季供暖节能减排的现状越来越重视。因此,如何提高供暖锅炉自动化操作水平,对于改善居民供暖现状意义重大。论文基于辽宁科技大学供暖热负荷大小、性质及分布状况,建立校园及周边建筑物的采暖节能控制体系,设计了锅炉、各泵站、换热站、一次管网、二次管网以及控制站监控系统,完善了控制系统的监管与控制。用协议转换器PD1244实现各用户节点温度测量及信号的局域网传输。课题侧重一次管网的控制,建立一次管网供、回水温度与室外温度关系的模型,通过提前1个小时掌握室外温度的变化,给出一次供、回水温度。同时根据不同时间各楼宇之间对供热量需求的不同采取分时、分区控制。选取高配置的计算机作为上位机,利用MCGS组态软件呈现逼真的人机界面,完成对实时数据的显示,历史数据的查询,报警信息提示以及报表打印等功能。系统的下位机采用PLC控制可以实时动态的响应系统的变化,针对四台锅炉及换热站设计了控制程序,实现炉膛温度,排烟温度,锅炉出水温度,回水温度,出水流量,回水流量,锅炉内压力,换热站出水温度,回水温度,出水流量,回水流量,除渣系统的控制以及锅炉内压力报警,炉膛压力报警,一次管网,二次管网供水泄漏报警。真正实现自动控制,减少工作人员的劳动强度,提高工作效率,实现经济燃烧。
[Abstract]:Coal-fired hot water boilers are mostly used for heating in winter in northern cities of China. Due to aging old control equipment, imperfect environmental protection measures and backward operation methods, boiler operation efficiency is low, energy waste is serious, pollutant emission is not up to standard.Contrary to the boiler operation of economic, efficient, less pollution to the purpose of the environment.New research shows that coal combustion is the main reason for the increase of PM2.5 in air.With the progress of society and the improvement of the quality of life, people pay more and more attention to the quality of living environment, and pay more and more attention to the current situation of energy saving and emission reduction of urban heating in winter.Therefore, how to improve the automatic operation level of heating boiler is of great significance to improve the heating status of residents.Based on the size, nature and distribution of heating load in Liaoning University of Science and Technology, the paper establishes the heating and energy saving control system of campus and surrounding buildings, designs boilers, pump stations, heat exchange stations and primary pipe networks.The monitoring system of secondary pipe network and control station improves the supervision and control of the control system.The protocol converter PD1244 is used to realize the temperature measurement of each user node and the local area network transmission of the signal.This paper focuses on the control of the primary pipe network, and establishes the model of the relationship between the water temperature of the primary pipe network and the return water temperature. By mastering the change of the outdoor temperature one hour in advance, the temperature of the primary supply and the return water is given.At the same time, according to the different time of different buildings for different heat supply requirements, time-sharing, zoning control.The high configuration computer is selected as the upper computer, and the MCGS configuration software is used to display the real time data, query the historical data, alert information and print the report.The lower computer of the system can respond to the change of the system in real time and dynamically by using PLC control. The control program is designed for four boilers and heat exchange stations. The furnace temperature, exhaust gas temperature, boiler outlet temperature, backwater temperature and outlet water flow are realized.Return water flow, boiler internal pressure, heat transfer station effluent temperature, backwater temperature, outlet water flow, backwater flow, slag removal system control, boiler pressure alarm, furnace pressure alarm, primary pipe network, secondary pipe network water leakage alarm.Real automatic control, reduce the labor intensity of staff, improve work efficiency, achieve economic combustion.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU833
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本文编号：1733807