基于微气候调节的哈尔滨多层住区建筑布局优化研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 10:26

本文选题：哈尔滨 + 多层住区　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：为了提高哈尔滨城市内部多层住区户外空间整体微气候环境的舒适度,改善现有住区居住条件,为哈尔滨多层住区提供可靠的建筑布局设计策略,应用了计算机模拟软件对多种模式的建筑布局类型进行数值模拟。首先通过系统性分析哈尔滨地区城市气候概况、多层住区建筑布局特点与影响因素、多层住区建筑布局现状与类型,对哈尔滨地区多层住区建筑布局类型进行了划分。得到三种主要布局类型,即行列式、围合式、混合式建筑布局模式。其次,对微气候环境模拟软件进行针对性选择与验证,找到适合于哈尔滨地区多层住区微气候模拟的数值模拟软件,并确定布局模拟对象。然后对各种分类模式下的建筑布局类型进行数值模拟并得出具体数据。最后,基于国家现行的人居环境舒适度评价标准对各种建筑布局类型微气候环境进行综合对比。通过对各种布局模式的对比结果进一步提出哈尔滨多层住区建筑布局策略,且进行了相关策略的有效性验证。模拟结果表明,行列式建筑布局模式总体微气候环境较好,其四种布局模式中除了纯行列式以外,其它三种布局模式的平均风速值均较低,风速在1.58m/s~1.74m/s之间;围合式建筑布局模式整体微气候环境较差,其四种布局模式中的A、B两种模式无论冬季风环境还是夏季温湿环境均处于较低的水平;混合式建筑布局模式整体微气候环境适中,其中第二种布局模式左右两侧拥有建筑体量进行围合,冬季风环境较好,平均风速为1.52m/s,整体微气候仅次于行列式中的第二种布局模式。本文通过对各种类型建筑布局模式的模拟,运用人居环境评价标准对各种布局模式的微气候环境水平进行了对比,且进行了总体优劣水平排序。基于对这些建筑布局模拟类型的模拟与对比,最终提出应对哈尔滨城市地区多层住区的建筑布局相关策略,包括从冬季风环境布局优化策略与夏季温湿度环境布局优化策略以及协调冬夏两季微气候环境布局优化策略三个层面提出具体建筑布局策略。提出对于冬季环境营造,尽量不采用纯行列式布局模式;对于夏季环境营造,主要采用温湿指数较低的布局模式;对于协调冬夏两季环境,尽量不要采用两季微气候均较差的布局模式。另外对相关策略进行有效性验证,以进一步证明本文所提出的建筑布局优化策略具有一定的适用性。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the overall microclimate environment of the outdoor space in the multi-storey residential area of Harbin, to improve the living conditions of the existing residential area, and to provide reliable architectural layout design strategy for the multi-storey residential area in Harbin.The computer simulation software is used to simulate the types of building layout in various modes.Firstly, by systematically analyzing the general situation of urban climate in Harbin area, the characteristics and influencing factors of multi-story residential building layout, and the present situation and types of multi-story residential building layout, this paper classifies the architectural layout type of multi-storey residential area in Harbin area.Three main layout types are obtained, namely determinant, enclosure and hybrid architectural layout.Secondly, the microclimate environment simulation software is selected and verified, and the numerical simulation software suitable for multi-layer residential microclimate simulation in Harbin area is found, and the layout simulation object is determined.Then, numerical simulation of architectural layout types under various classification models is carried out and concrete data are obtained.Finally, the comprehensive comparison of various architectural layout types of microclimate environment is made based on the current criteria for evaluating the comfort of human settlements.Based on the comparison of various layout models, the architectural layout strategy of Harbin multi-storey residential area is put forward, and the validity of the related strategies is verified.The simulation results show that the general microclimate environment of the determinant building layout model is good, except the pure determinant, the average wind speed of the other three layout modes is lower, and the wind speed is between 1.58m/s~1.74m/s;The overall microclimate environment of the enclosed building layout model is poor, and the two models of the four layout modes are at a lower level, both winter monsoon environment and summer warm and humid environment, while the overall microclimate environment of the mixed architectural layout model is moderate.The second layout model is surrounded by building mass on the left and right sides. The winter monsoon environment is better, the average wind speed is 1.52 m / s, and the whole microclimate is second only to the second layout mode in the determinant.Based on the simulation of various types of architectural layout models, this paper compares the microclimatic environment level of various layout models with the criteria of human settlement environment evaluation, and makes the overall ranking of the good and bad levels.Based on the simulation and comparison of these types of architectural layout, the relevant strategies for building layout of multi-storey residential areas in Harbin are put forward.The concrete building layout strategy is put forward from three aspects: winter monsoon environment layout optimization strategy and summer temperature and humidity environment layout optimization strategy, and coordination of winter and summer microclimate environment layout optimization strategy.For winter environment construction, pure determinant layout mode is not used as far as possible; for summer environment construction, the layout mode with low temperature and humidity index is mainly used; for coordinating winter and summer environment,Try not to use two seasons of microclimate is poor layout model.In addition, the validity of the related strategies is verified to further prove the applicability of the architecture layout optimization strategy proposed in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU119;TU984.12

【参考文献】