基于价值工程的建设项目施工成本控制研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 07:15

本文选题：价值工程 + 建设项目　；参考：《安徽建筑大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着市场经济的不断深化,我国建筑业也有了突飞猛进的发展。近10年来,建筑业产值每年都在以超过10个百分点的比例增长。面对如此激烈的市场竞争,建筑施工企业必须始终致力于提供质量高、造价低的建设施工产品,才能在建筑业发展的潮流中占据有利位置。因此,项目成本控制无疑成为了建筑施工企业项目管理的关键。而价值工程作为一种技术与经济相结合的成本控制方法,能够最大化和较高效的利用和组织资源,在满足项目所需功能的同时,去除不必要的成本,选择最佳方案并进行进一步的改进,使项目的价值达到最优。目前,虽然我国多数施工企业都在不断完善成本控制体系,但在成本控制方面与发达国家仍有较大差距,存在许多需要改进的地方。比如成本控制体制不健全、成本控制程序不规范、缺乏成本竞争意识及责任成本体系不完善等一系列问题。因此,施工企业迫切需要一套完整的方法体系来对成本进行控制。施工阶段是项目成本的实际支出阶段,在此阶段,企业可以密切关注资金支出情况,及时有效的总结已支出资金的经验和不足,为即将支出的资金提供合理化的改进意见,提高资金的利用效率。所以,将价值工程应用于建设项目施工阶段,有利于提高施工企业产品价值,促进产品价值创造,同时也有利于形成企业核心竞争力,促使企业在时代的发展中不断革新。本文通过对我国建筑业发展现状的分析,总结了目前建筑业发展存在的不足之处,论述了成本控制对于施工企业发展的重要性,提出了将价值工程应用于施工成本控制。文章阐述了价值工程在国外施工成本控制的发展进程及现状,为价值工程在我国建筑业中的推广提供了借鉴和启示。文章以施工成本控制理论及价值工程理论作为研究的理论基础,通过介绍价值工程在目标成本确定、工程材料选择、施工组织设计优选、施工机械设备选择以及施工管理过程等方面的应用,从实践的角度建立了一套在施工阶段运用价值工程的程序和方法。其中,在价值工程实施程序的功能分析环节,笔者根据具体情况,在不同的应用途径中分别采用不同的方法来确定其功能重要度系数,并通过实施效果总结出每种方法所适用的情况,为施工企业在实际项目中运用价值工程提供了比较合理的参考建议。最后,文章基于总承包的角度,通过分析新郑市薛店镇解放北路新型社区在施工阶段应用价值工程的具体情况,详细阐述了其实施经过和实施效果,论证了在建筑业中推广应用价值工程对于施工企业经营水平的提升和建筑节能的发展都具有很大的促进作用,并带来较大的经济效益和社会效益。同时,也在文章结尾指出了在价值工程在建筑业中应用的一些潜在研究方向,为后续的深入发展奠定了一定的基础。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of market economy, the construction industry of our country has also developed by leaps and bounds.Over the past 10 years, construction output has been growing by more than 10 percentage points a year.In the face of such fierce market competition, construction enterprises must always devote themselves to providing construction products of high quality and low cost in order to occupy a favorable position in the development trend of construction industry.Therefore, the project cost control has undoubtedly become the construction enterprise project management key.Value engineering, as a cost control method combined with technology and economy, can maximize and efficiently use and organize resources to meet the needs of the project while eliminating unnecessary costs.Select the best option and make further improvements to optimize the value of the project.At present, although most construction enterprises in our country are constantly perfecting the cost control system, there is still a big gap between China and developed countries in cost control, and there are many areas that need to be improved.For example, the cost control system is not perfect, the cost control procedure is not standard, the cost competition consciousness and the responsibility cost system are not perfect.Therefore, the construction enterprise urgently needs a complete method system to control the cost.The construction stage is the actual expenditure stage of the project cost. In this stage, the enterprise can pay close attention to the situation of the fund expenditure, sum up the experience and deficiency of the funds that have been spent in time and effectively, and provide the rational improvement advice for the funds about to be outspent.Improve the efficiency of the use of funds.Therefore, the application of value engineering in the construction stage of construction projects will help to improve the product value of construction enterprises, promote the creation of product value, at the same time help to form the core competitiveness of enterprises, and promote the continuous innovation of enterprises in the development of the times.Based on the analysis of the present situation of the development of the construction industry in China, this paper summarizes the shortcomings of the development of the construction industry at present, discusses the importance of the cost control to the development of the construction enterprise, and puts forward the application of the value engineering to the construction cost control.This paper expounds the development process and present situation of value engineering in foreign construction cost control, and provides reference and inspiration for the promotion of value engineering in Chinese construction industry.Based on the construction cost control theory and the value engineering theory, this paper introduces the value engineering in the determination of target cost, the selection of engineering materials, and the optimal selection of construction organization design.Based on the selection of construction machinery and equipment and the application of construction management process, a set of procedures and methods for applying value engineering in construction stage are established from the point of view of practice.Among them, in the function analysis of value engineering implementation procedure, according to the specific situation, the author uses different methods to determine the functional importance coefficient in different application ways.The application of each method is summed up through the effect of implementation, which provides a more reasonable reference for the application of value engineering in practical projects for construction enterprises.Finally, based on the general contract, through the analysis of the application of value engineering in the construction phase of the new type community of Xue Dian Town, Xinzheng City, the implementation process and implementation effect are described in detail.It is demonstrated that the popularization and application of value engineering in the construction industry can greatly promote the improvement of the management level of construction enterprises and the development of building energy conservation, and bring great economic and social benefits.At the end of the paper, some potential research directions for the application of value engineering in the construction industry are also pointed out, which lays a foundation for further development.
【学位授予单位】：安徽建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU723.3

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