基于控制性详细规划的环境保护机制建构研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 12:48

  本文选题：控制性详细规划 + 环境保护　； 参考：《大连理工大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：环境保护是城市建设发展过程中必须面对的课题。在我国快速城市化时期,城市建设用地扩张快、蔓延范围广,对城市规划区范围甚至整个市域范围的自然环境都产生了一定的负面影响。控制性详细规划是我国城乡规划管理的核心依据,在环境保护方面既具有社会责任,更具备制度优势。因此,论文定位于控制性详细规划层面的环境保护研究,希望通过法规完善和制度建设,减缓开发行为对环境的负面影响,促进城市的可持续发展。论文主要采取定性评价、文献分析、比较分析、归纳演绎等研究方法,围绕以下三方面展开。首先,剖析了我国规划管理实践中环境保护的欠缺及完善空间,探讨了控制性详细规划承担环境保护职能的制度优势,强调了其对开发行为“面源控制”的重要特征。论文第二部分以美国、新西兰、德国为研究对象,对其实施性法定规划中的环境保护实践进行了深入研究,总结出三种环境保护模式的体系特征,在此基础上提出了控规环境保护管理机制的建构要点。论文第三部分对前述研究成果进行了整合,结合我国城乡规划相关管理实践以及相关理论研究,提出了具体的编制模式与实施策略,并结合实际项目进行了控规环境保护体系的建构研究。论文的主要工作包括以下六方面。(1)在城市开发建设中,开发行为对环境的累积影响不容忽视。我国仍处于且会长期处于快速城市化阶段,生态环境面临着巨大压力,从源头构建面向所有开发行为的环境保护体系势在必行。在我国规划管理中的环境保护存在不足的实践背景下,发挥控制性详细规划在环境保护方面的制度优势,明确其环境保护立法意识、完善相关的技术体系支撑至关重要。(2)美国、新西兰、德国在实施性法定规划中的环境保护经验对控制性详细规划具有积极的借鉴意义。论文分析总结了三种模式的体系特征,分析了其共性差异及其对控制性详细规划适用性。其中,美国模式以区划为主导,强调法规强制、设计倡导、政策激励等多种手段协作；新西兰模式以地区规划为核心,强调编制技术和许可程序的精细性；德国模式以建造规划为主题,强调编制过程的严谨性与成果的实用性。(3)提出在控制性详细规划中设置独立的“环境分区”管理层,将环境保护内容纳入其中,从源头控制开发行为对自然环境的负面影响。该管理层与基于现有控制性详细规划的“基础分区”管理层一起,形成既分离又联系的“双层”编制架构。“环境分区”管理层的独立设置,一方面可以提升环境保护的地位,同时也可以减少环境保护内容与控规既有内容体系之间的冲突。(4)以环境效益最大化为目标,提出“环境分区”管理层的用地划分,应以环境特征和所存在的环境问题为基本依据,便于制定具有针对性的管理措施；强调施与受的双向控制基点,提出在城市普通环境区可以强化对开发行为的分类分级,在城市环境敏感区可以强化对建设用地的分类分区；论文同时建议了“环境分区”管理层可以采纳的用地分区形式和控制指标,以及具体的控制方法与成果形式。(5)“环境分区”管理层控制内容的落实,有赖于相关实施机制的完善。论文从实施角度,提出环境保护与许可制度结合的方式以及公众参与的改进策略；提出完善经济引导、技术规范以及监督保障等实施机制；提出强化城乡规划主管部门和环境保护主管部门在环境保护方面的协作机制。(6)在理论分析的基础上,选取了实际控规项目做了“环境分区”管理层的建构探讨。论文分析了所选用地主要环境要素的特征及问题,据此划定了环境分区；根据每类环境分区的管理目标和管理原则,制定了详细的控制指标；最后,论文阐释了“环境分区”管理层的具体成果表达形式和落实方法。
[Abstract]:Environmental protection is a subject that must be faced in the process of urban construction and development. In the period of rapid urbanization in China, the expansion of urban construction land is rapid, the scope of the spread is wide, and the natural environment of the urban planning area and even the whole city area has a certain negative influence. The detailed and detailed planning is the core basis for the urban and rural planning and management of our country. In environmental protection, it has both social responsibility and institutional advantages. Therefore, the thesis is located in the study of environmental protection in the level of control detailed planning, hoping to slow down the negative impact of the development behavior on the environment and promote the sustainable development of the city through the regulation and system construction. The thesis mainly adopts qualitative evaluation, literature analysis, and comparison. Analysis, inductive deduction and other research methods are carried out around the following three aspects. First, it analyzes the lack of environmental protection and the perfect space in China's planning and management practice, discusses the institutional advantages of the control detailed planning to undertake environmental protection functions, and emphasizes the important characteristics of the "non-point source control" for the development behavior. The second part of this paper is based on the analysis of the important characteristics of the "non-point source control" of the development behavior. The United States, New Zealand, Germany as the research object, studied the environmental protection practice in the practical statutory planning, summarized the system characteristics of the three environmental protection patterns, and on this basis put forward the construction points of the regulatory mechanism of regulatory environmental protection management mechanism. The third part of the paper has integrated the previous research results and combined with our country. The related management practice of urban and rural planning and related theory research, put forward the concrete compilation mode and implementation strategy, and combine the actual project to carry on the construction research of the regulatory environmental protection system. The main work of the thesis includes the following six aspects. (1) in the urban development and construction, the opening and issuing of the cumulative impact on the environment can not be ignored. It is still in the rapid urbanization stage for a long time, and the ecological environment is facing enormous pressure. It is imperative to construct environmental protection system facing all development behavior from the source. Under the background of inadequate environmental protection in China's planning management, the system advantages of control detailed planning in environmental protection are given, and it is clear that The awareness of environmental protection legislation and the improvement of the relevant technical system support are of vital importance. (2) the environmental protection experience of the United States, New Zealand, and Germany has a positive reference to the detailed planning of control. The paper analyses and summarizes the characteristics of the three models, and analyzes their common differences and their control details. Among them, the model of the United States is dominated by zoning, emphasizing legal enforcement, design advocacy, policy incentive and other means of collaboration; New Zealand model takes regional planning as the core, emphasizes the refinement of technology and licensing procedures; the German model focuses on construction planning, emphasizing the rigor of the compilation process and the practicability of the results. (3) Setting up an independent "environmental partition" management layer in the control detailed planning, incorporating the environmental protection content into it, controlling the negative impact of the development behavior on the natural environment from the source. The management layer and the "basic partition" management layer based on the detailed existing control plan form the "double layer", which is both separated and connected. The independent setting of the "environment partition" management layer can improve the status of environmental protection and reduce the conflict between the content of environmental protection and the existing system of control rules. (4) to maximize the environmental benefits as the goal, the land division of the "environmental zoning" management layer should be divided into the environmental characteristics and the existing ring. The situation is the basic basis, and it is easy to make the targeted management measures, and emphasize the base point of two-way control. It is proposed that the classification and classification of the development behavior can be strengthened in the urban ordinary environment area, and the classification and partition of the construction land can be strengthened in the urban environmental sensitive area; the paper also suggests the management layer of "environmental zoning". The form and control index of land use can be adopted, and the specific control methods and results form. (5) the implementation of the control content of the "environmental zone" management depends on the improvement of the relevant implementation mechanism. From the angle of implementation, the paper puts forward the combination of environmental protection and licensing system and the improvement strategy of public participation; The implementation mechanism of economic guidance, technical specification and supervision guarantee, and the cooperation mechanism of strengthening the urban and rural planning department and the environmental protection department in environmental protection. (6) on the basis of theoretical analysis, the actual control project was selected as the construction of the "environmental zoning" management layer. The thesis analyzed the selected landlord. On the basis of the characteristics and problems of the environmental factors, the environmental zoning is delineated, and detailed control targets are formulated according to the management objectives and management principles of each kind of environmental zoning. Finally, the paper explains the specific expression forms and implementation methods of the "environmental zoning" management.

【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.115
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本文编号：1787282