电梯轿厢意外移动检测及保护装置的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-04-22 14:06

本文选题：电梯轿厢意外移动 + 检测与保护　；参考：《北京工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着高层建筑的增多,电梯在生活中所起的作用也越来越大,其安全也越来越为人们所重视。电梯轿厢的意外移动极易造成剪切、挤压等事故,直接影响到生命财产安全,因此,对轿厢的运行进行监测,能可靠的检测到意外移动并通过安全装置及时采取保护措施具有重要的意义。本文以电梯轿厢意外移动的检测和保护装置的设计为对象,分析了轿厢意外移动的原因,并对装置的总体设计方案、硬件选型、设计和软件设计几个方面介绍。直接读取轿厢运行的状态避免了钢丝绳、旋编等非接触部件可能存在的不可靠风险,以非介入式的状态检测方法避免了对电梯原控制回路改变而引发的责任问题,更使得该设计能够适用于不同厂家不同型号的电梯,为已有电梯的安全改造提供了技术方案。本设计以西门子S7-200型号的PLC作为控制器,存储、分析采集到的信息,并判断运行状态、驱动执行机构采取安全措施。利用了自由口通讯将LDM301大量程激光位移传感器与PLC进行通信连接,直接测量轿厢运行的速度、所处井道内的位置,通过电梯控制接触器的辅助触点状态分析电梯运行指令,判断电梯是否存在层门、轿门被人为封接的风险以及轿厢是否处于意外移动状态。当发生意外移动时,及时切断电梯主机驱动电路,用钢丝绳制动器以夹紧曳引钢丝绳的方式停止轿厢运行,向救援人员发送危险报警短信,并对轿厢内乘客进行安抚和警示。
[Abstract]:With the increase of high-rise buildings, elevators play a more and more important role in life, and their safety is paid more and more attention. The accidental movement of elevator car can easily cause shearing, extrusion and other accidents, which directly affect the safety of life and property. Therefore, the operation of the car is monitored. It is of great significance to reliably detect accidental movement and take timely protective measures through safety devices. This paper takes the design of the detection and protection device for the accidental movement of the elevator car as an object, analyzes the reasons for the accidental movement of the car, and introduces the overall design scheme, hardware selection, design and software design of the device. The running state of directly reading the car avoids the unreliable risk of non-contact parts such as wire rope, spin knitting and so on, and avoids the problem of responsibility caused by the change of the original control loop of elevator by non-interventional state detection method. Moreover, the design can be applied to different types of elevators in different manufacturers, and provides a technical scheme for the safety transformation of existing elevators. This design takes Siemens S7-200 PLC as the controller, stores, analyzes the collected information, judges the running state, and drives the actuators to take safety measures. The LDM301 large range laser displacement sensor is connected with PLC by free port communication. The speed of the car is measured directly, the position of the shaft is located, and the elevator operation instruction is analyzed by the auxiliary contact state of the elevator control contactor. Determine whether the elevator has a floor door, the risk of the door being artificially sealed, and whether the car is in an accidental state of movement. When accidental movement occurs, the driving circuit of the main engine of the elevator is cut off in time, the car is stopped by wire rope brake in the way of clamping and drawing the wire rope, the danger alarm message is sent to the rescuers, and the passengers in the car are appeased and warned.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU857

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