地震波作用下地下隧洞结构动力响应特征研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 16:44

本文选题：隧洞结构 + 地震响应　；参考：《北京科技大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济建设的飞速发展,高速公路、铁路(包括地铁)建设中涉及的隧道及地下工程越来越多。我国在隧道及地下工程抗震研究方面刚开始起步,目前隧道及地下工程抗震设计主要还是参照地上建筑结构的抗震设计规范。在汶川地震中大量的隧道及地下结构工程遭到了严重的破坏,有的已经无法修复,这说明实际地震中产生的荷载水平比工程设计中采用的地震荷载水平要大许多。显然,地下工程抗震设计参照地上建筑结构的抗震设计是不合适的。因此,研究地震波作用下隧道及地下工程结构的动力响应特征及减震措施具有十分重要的现实意义。本论文主要从理论研究、数值模拟、试验研究和工程应用等方面对地震波作用下土体中隧道及地下工程的动力响应进行了深入研究。主要工作内容包括以下方面： (1)考虑水、土两相耦合作用,对饱和土体中孔洞结构在地震波作用下的动力响应进行了分析。根据饱和土Biot理论及地震波孔洞散射特性,采用积分变换和引入势函数的方法,推导出由水、土两相耦合作用的饱和土体Green函数,建立了半无限空间饱和土体中孔洞对地震波散射问题的边界元积分方程。通过计算表明,地震波在传播过程中,由于孔洞的存在会使孔洞周边应力增加2-5倍,因此在进行隧道及地下结构抗震设计时应该充分考虑这一影响因素。同时,考虑隧洞边界透水性对地震散射的影响,通过计算表明,其它条件相同,不透水边界的隧洞应力集中系数比透水边界下的隧洞应力集中系数大许多。 (2)将隧洞周边土体采用饱和土Biot理论,隧洞衬砌采用考虑剪切和转动变形的曲线梁振动理论,分析了地震波作用下饱和土体中圆形隧洞衬砌的动力响应问题。对于饱和土体中的散射波场采用波函数展开法,曲线梁的振动控制微分方程采用一般化的微分求积法(GDQM)。由饱和土体与衬砌接触处的位移协调条件,采用最小二乘法确定波函数未知系数项。计算结果表明：当入射波频率较低时,衬砌结构的入射面与背对面的动力响应几乎是对称的；随着入射频率的增加,衬砌结构的入射面与背对面不再具有对称性,且衬砌结构的入射面的动力响应要大于背对面。 (3)研究了土体分层情况下的饱和土体中隧道结构在地震波作用下的动力响应。由于地质演变等原因,实际工程中土体是分层的,所以采用层状土体模型更能够反映工程实际土体的特征。本文采用有限差分方法对地震波作用下层状饱和土体中隧道衬砌结构的动力响应进行求解,并以南昌地铁1号线珠江站地铁隧道为工程背景建立计算模型,计算分析了地铁隧道结构的动力响应,并给出相关的减震措施建议,为工程设计和施工提供参考。 (4)对饱和士体中隧洞结构在地震波作用下的动力响应进行了室内模型试验,同时以江西都九高速公路温泉隧道为工程背景,对温泉隧道衬砌结构进行人工爆破地震作用下的动力响应原型测试试验,测试结果为理论研究和工程设计与施工提供了可靠的试验数据。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economic construction, there are more and more tunnels and underground projects involved in the construction of highways, railways (including the subway). China has just begun to start in the seismic research of tunnel and underground engineering. At present, the seismic design of tunnel and underground engineering is mainly concerned with the seismic design specification of the building structure on the ground. In Wenchuan A large number of tunnels and underground structures in the epicenter have been severely damaged and some can not be repaired. This shows that the level of the load produced in the actual earthquake is much larger than that of the engineering design. Obviously, the seismic design of the seismic design of the underground engineering is not suitable for the construction of the structure. Therefore, the research site is not suitable. The dynamic response characteristics of tunnel and underground engineering structures under seismic waves are of great practical significance. In this paper, the dynamic response of tunnel and underground engineering under seismic wave action is studied in depth from theoretical research, numerical simulation, experimental research and engineering application. Including the following aspects:
(1) considering the interaction of water and soil two phase, the dynamic response of pore structure in saturated soil under the action of seismic wave is analyzed. According to the Biot theory of saturated soil and the scattering characteristics of seismic wave hole, the Green function of saturated soil is derived by integrating the integral transformation and introducing the potential function, and the half no one is established. The boundary element integral equation for the scattering of seismic waves in a space saturated soil is calculated. The calculation shows that the stress of the hole is increased by 2-5 times in the course of the propagation of the seismic waves because of the existence of holes. Therefore, the influence factors should be taken into full consideration in the seismic design of the tunnel and the underground structure. The effect of water permeability on seismic scattering shows that the stress concentration coefficient of the tunnel under the pervious boundary is much larger than that under the pervious boundary by the calculation of the other conditions.
(2) the saturated soil Biot theory is adopted in the surrounding soil of the tunnel. The tunnel lining adopts the Liang Zhendong theory of curves considering shear and rotational deformation. The dynamic response of the circular tunnel lining in saturated soil under the action of seismic waves is analyzed. The wave function expansion method is adopted for the scattering wave field in saturated soil and the differential equation of vibration control of the curved beam is used. The general differential quadrature method (GDQM) is used to determine the unknown coefficient term of the wave function by the least square method. The results show that the dynamic response of the incident plane to the back is almost symmetrical when the frequency of the incident wave is low. The incident surface of the masonry structure is no longer symmetrical with the back face, and the dynamic response of the incident surface of the lining structure is larger than that of the back face.
(3) the dynamic response of tunnel structure under the action of seismic waves in saturated soil under soil stratification is studied. Due to geological evolution, the soil is stratified in actual engineering, so the layered soil model can be used to reflect the characteristics of the actual soil. This paper uses the finite difference method to saturate the seismic waves. The dynamic response of the tunnel lining structure in the soil is solved, and the calculation model is set up with the subway tunnel of the Pearl River Station of Nanchang Metro Line 1. The dynamic response of the subway tunnel structure is calculated and analyzed, and the relevant suggestions are given to provide reference for the engineering design and construction.
(4) an indoor model test is carried out on the dynamic response of the tunnel structure under the action of seismic waves in the saturated body. At the same time, the prototype test of the dynamic response of the lining structure of the hot spring tunnel under the artificial blasting action of the Jiangxi nine superhighway hot spring tunnel is carried out. The test results are the theoretical research and the engineering design and the engineering design. The construction provides reliable experimental data.

【学位授予单位】：北京科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U452.28;TU311.3

【参考文献】