大连市废弃矿区生态恢复景观设计研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 22:13

本文选题：废弃矿区 + 景观　；参考：《大连工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：矿区的开采作业大幅度的破坏了原有的植被覆盖层,进一步加重了水土流失、滑坡、土壤沙化的发生强度,同时也造成了局部粉尘的污染严重、小气候的恶化和生物多样性的缺失[1]。由于缺乏边采边治的过程,所以矿区在闭坑后的生境很恶劣,对周围环境产生二次污染。废弃矿区已成为现实中的“城市疤痕”,形成了景观异质斑块,除了依靠常规的生态恢复技术来改善废弃矿区的生态基质,提高绿化面积,使废弃矿区的生态恢复景观化、美观化。大连市作为旅游城市的用地资源很紧张,对废弃矿区的生态恢复可以盘活大连市的土地资源,使废弃矿区生态恢复为旅游用地、商业用地、居住用地、农业用地等,生态环境得到改善的同时,促进城市经济的发展。本论文采用资料收集法、数据分析、空间模拟、实证研究、对比法等研究方法。探究了国内外废弃矿区景观生态修复的研究进展的基础上,基于景观生态学、风景园林学、环境行为心理学、生态恢复学以及工程学等学科理论,以激活大连市废弃矿区潜力、盘活大连土地资源、修复大连城市生态系统为目标,对大连市废弃矿区的现状和问题进行调研与解析。界定了废弃矿区的概念、类型、特点、组成要素、空间构成以及影响因子等内涵与外延。基于大连市废弃矿区现状问题以及大连城市性质、城市总体规划的要求探讨了大连市废弃矿区的特点、布局以及不同类型废弃矿区的生态修复目标,明确了大连市废弃矿区“因地制宜,适地适建”等生态修复的原则。构建了大连市废弃矿区景观生态恢复的理论集成体系即景观生态学的斑块——廊道——基质理论、适度干扰理论、全生命周期理论以及可持续理论等理论在废弃矿区生态修复中的理论指导与融合再生。在理论集成体系指导的基础上,构建大连废弃矿区景观生态恢复的技术体系,即宏观尺度上遵从于城市总体规划的生态修复控制技术,中观尺度上的全生命周期的过程管理控制技术,微观上的节点斑块生态修复实施技术包括土壤污染治理技术、水体修复技术、植物景观修复技术等。最后以大连前革废弃矿区为例,基于大连市废弃矿区景观生态修复的理论、原则以及技术进行实证研究,详细探讨课题研究内容与成果的可操作性。
[Abstract]:Mining operations in the mining area have greatly damaged the original vegetation cover, further aggravated the intensity of soil erosion, landslides and soil desertification, and also caused serious pollution of local dust. Deterioration of microclimate and loss of biodiversity [1]. Because of the lack of the process of mining and harnessing, the habitat behind the closed pit is very bad, which causes secondary pollution to the surrounding environment. Abandoned mining area has become a "urban scar" in reality, forming landscape heterogeneous patches. In addition to relying on conventional ecological restoration technology to improve the ecological matrix of abandoned mining area, increase the green area, make the ecological restoration landscape of abandoned mining area. Beautiful. The land resources of Dalian as a tourist city are very tight. The ecological restoration of abandoned mining areas can revitalize the land resources of Dalian City, and make the ecological restoration of abandoned mining areas into tourist land, commercial land, residential land, agricultural land, etc. Ecological environment has been improved at the same time, promote the development of urban economy. In this paper, data collection, data analysis, spatial simulation, empirical research, comparative methods and other research methods. Based on the research progress of landscape ecological restoration in abandoned mining areas at home and abroad, based on the theories of landscape ecology, landscape architecture, environmental and behavioral psychology, ecological restoration and engineering, the potential of abandoned mining areas in Dalian is activated. The present situation and problems of abandoned mining areas in Dalian are investigated and analyzed by activating the land resources of Dalian and restoring the urban ecosystem of Dalian. The concept, types, characteristics, elements, spatial composition and influence factors of abandoned mining area are defined. Based on the present situation of abandoned mining areas in Dalian and the nature of Dalian city, the characteristics, layout and ecological restoration objectives of abandoned mining areas in Dalian are discussed in this paper. The principles of ecological restoration of abandoned mining areas in Dalian, such as adapting measures to local conditions and suitable sites for construction, were clarified. The integrated theory system of landscape ecological restoration in abandoned mining areas of Dalian is constructed, that is, patch-corridor-matrix theory of landscape ecology and moderate interference theory. The theory guidance and fusion regeneration of whole life cycle theory and sustainable theory in ecological restoration of abandoned mining area. On the basis of the guidance of the integrated theory system, the technical system of landscape ecological restoration in abandoned mining area of Dalian is constructed, that is, the ecological restoration control technology obeying the urban master plan in macro scale. The whole life cycle process management and control technology on mesoscale scale, the implementation technology of ecological restoration of node patch on micro scale include soil pollution control technology, water remediation technology, plant landscape restoration technology and so on. Finally, taking the abandoned mining area of Dalian pre-leather as an example, based on the theory, principle and technology of landscape ecological restoration of abandoned mining area in Dalian, this paper discusses the feasibility of the research contents and results in detail.
【学位授予单位】：大连工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.114

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