剧场多通道音响技术的研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 18:26

本文选题：多通道 + 音响系统　；参考：《北京工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：1998年由国家文化部负责开始筹建国家大剧院,经过了长达8年的前期准备工作时间,筹备办公室进行了大量基础性调研工作,编写了建设设计计划书。2007年国家大剧院正式投入运营,由于其特殊的地理位置,首都北京的天安门广场西侧路上,紧邻人民大会堂,建院之初就被赋予了特殊的历史使命,定位于做国际一流表演艺术中心。自此,全国各地迎来了一轮剧场建设的高潮。剧《全国专业剧场发展基本情况》的调查数据显示,截止到2013年底,我国有专业剧场873家,2013年全年演出4.05万场,观众总人次3229万。但整体看,专业剧场存在总量不足、利用率不高、运行机制不健全等问题。由于国家还没有统一的专业剧场建设标准,很多新建剧院都以大剧院为参照,并没有考虑当地的文化、经济等方面的因素,设计出很多形式、功能类似的剧场,耗资巨大,利用率低,不具有个性化。在今后剧场建设的发展中,为避免环境、建筑、人力、资金等方面的过度消耗,笔者就音响设备设施系统方面进行了充分的研究。从音响系统发展方向来看,多通道音响系统具有良好的前景。对目前世界范围内引用的三种多通道音响系统进行了举例介绍,并从理论上研究其关键技术核心——可变声场。通过对可变声场的仔细研究,分析了8个影响其结果的重要参量,掌握了可变声场的技术方法,进一步研究学习三种领先的声场控制系统,为应用实践做好基础工作。笔者利用在大剧院工作的有利条件,将研究内容结合实际情况,选择了两个项目进行实际操作。先对歌剧院音响系统进行了概括性介绍,再具体分析了使用多痛道扩声中的音响设计情况,并在实践过程中总结问题,体会心得。同时,还邀请了多位行业人士进行了主观评价,从更专业的眼光评论可变声场技术的实际应用效果,使实践更具有参考价值。当然在研究过程中也发现了许多问题,不仅是技术本身,也有建设之初需要改进的地方。最终是为了能够建出更好的剧院来,不仅保量还要保质,更能为文化发展提供广阔的空间。
[Abstract]:In 1998, the State Ministry of Culture was responsible for starting preparations for the construction of the National Grand Theater. After eight years of preparatory work, the Preparatory Office carried out a large number of basic research work. The National Grand Theater was officially put into operation in 2007. Due to its special geographical location, the Tian鈥檃n Men Square road west of the capital Beijing, next to the Great Hall of the People, was entrusted with a special historical mission at the beginning of its construction. Position to be the international first-class performing arts center. Since then, all over the country ushered in a round of theater construction climax. By the end of 2013, there were 873 professional theatres in China, with 40500 performances in 2013, with a total audience of 32.29 million. But on the whole, professional theater has some problems, such as insufficient quantity, low utilization rate and imperfect operating mechanism. Since the country has not yet established a unified standard for the construction of specialized theatres, many new theatres have taken the Grand Theater as a reference, and have not taken into account local cultural and economic factors. They have designed theatres of many forms and similar functions, which cost a great deal of money. Low utilization rate, not personalized. In order to avoid the excessive consumption of environment, construction, manpower, capital and so on, in the development of theater construction in the future, the author has carried on the thorough research on the sound equipment facility system. From the direction of sound system development, multi-channel sound system has a good prospect. In this paper, three kinds of multichannel sound systems used in the world are introduced, and the key technology, variable sound field, is studied theoretically. Through the careful study of the variable sound field, eight important parameters affecting the results are analyzed, the technical methods of the variable sound field are mastered, and the three leading sound field control systems are further studied, so as to do a good job of basic work for the application practice. The author makes use of the favorable condition of working in the Grand Theater and combines the research contents with the actual situation and chooses two projects to carry on the actual operation. This paper introduces the sound system of the opera house, and then analyzes the sound design in the use of multi-channel sound reinforcement, and summarizes the problems in the process of practice and experiences. At the same time, many professionals are invited to make subjective evaluation, and to comment on the practical application effect of variable sound field technology from a more professional point of view, which makes the practice more valuable for reference. Of course, many problems have been found in the research process, not only in the technology itself, but also in the initial construction needs to be improved. Finally, to build a better theater, not only to ensure quality, but also to provide a broad space for cultural development.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU112.432

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