基于价值工程和AHP法的施工阶段变更方案比选研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 02:16

本文选题：建筑项目 + 施工变更　；参考：《长沙理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的繁荣和技术的进步,大型建筑工程项目的数量不断增多。由于这些项目投资巨大、功能多样、组成复杂、建设周期长,在施工过程中工程变更不可避免会发生,这些变更都会对项目的投资、进度、质量等方面产生不可忽视的影响。由于变更时间紧、缺乏规范的变更方案评价依据等原因,较少有业主方在施工阶段对变更进行多方案比选,也缺乏对变更方案进行质量、进度、费用等全方位的综合评价。缺乏对变更方案比选或评价极有可能既浪费了投资,又造成了工期损失。因此,对于业主方来说,强化施工阶段工程变更的多方案比选是目前迫切需要解决的问题。本文基于业主方角度对建筑工程项目在施工阶段的工程变更方案比选进行了研究。首先,对国内外的相关文献和资料进行了系统的研究,找到了以往工程变更方案比选研究的不足,主要是对工程变更方案比选重视不足,变更方案比选指标体系不够合理和完善。本文对已完工程的变更数据进行了统计分析,得到了需要重点研究的变更形式—设计方案变更和施工措施方案变更。本文在现有文献研究的基础上对现有的影响工程变更多方案比选的因素指标进行了总结和归纳,根据指标体系的建立原则找出了现有的影响因素指标体系的不足并进行了改进,建立了初步的影响因素指标体系;然后运用主成分分析法筛选出相互无关联的主要影响因素,对工程变更方案比选指标体系进行了优化;再次,构建了基于改进的价值工程的变更方案比选模型,通过层次分析法来确定功能指标的权重,采用熵权技术来计算功能系数,通过计算价值系数的大小来选择最优方案,最后,本文结合案例进行了实证分析,对变更方案比选模型的科学性和合理性进行了验证。
[Abstract]:With the economic prosperity and technological progress, the number of large construction projects is increasing. Because these projects have huge investment, diverse functions, complex composition and long construction cycle, engineering changes will inevitably occur in the construction process, and these changes will have a significant impact on the investment, schedule and quality of the projects. Because of the tight time of the change and the lack of standard evaluation basis of the change scheme, there are few owners to compare and select the change in the construction stage, and also lack of comprehensive evaluation of the quality, schedule and cost of the change scheme. The lack of comparison or evaluation of change schemes may not only waste investment, but also cause time loss. Therefore, for the owner, it is urgent to solve the problem of strengthening the multi-scheme selection of engineering change in construction stage. Based on the owner-side view, this paper studies the comparison and selection of the project change scheme in the construction stage. First of all, the domestic and foreign related literature and materials are systematically studied, and the shortcomings of the previous research on the comparison and selection of engineering change schemes are found, mainly due to the lack of attention to the comparison and selection of engineering change schemes. It is not reasonable and perfect to change the scheme than to select the index system. In this paper, the change data of the completed project are statistically analyzed, and the design scheme change and the construction measure scheme change are obtained which need to be studied emphatically. On the basis of the existing literature research, this paper summarizes and induces the factors that affect the multi-scheme selection of engineering change, finds out the deficiency of the existing index system of influencing factors according to the establishment principle of the index system, and improves the index system. Established a preliminary impact factor index system, and then used principal component analysis method to screen out the main factors that are not related to each other, and optimized the index system of project change scheme comparison. Based on the improved value engineering change scheme comparison model is constructed, the weight of the function index is determined by AHP, the function coefficient is calculated by entropy weight technology, the optimal scheme is selected by calculating the value coefficient. Finally, In this paper, a case study is carried out to verify the rationality and scientificalness of the model.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU74

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