基于工程量清单计价的投标报价风险研究

发布时间：2018-05-15 12:25

本文选题：13版清单计价规范 + 投标报价风险　；参考：《武汉工程大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,建筑业在我国始终处于持续扩张状态,渐成产能过剩局面。建筑企业在建设市场获取项目基本上都是通过招投标的形式,建筑市场的招投标计价方式逐步由定额计价向清单计价转变。从2003年起我国开始试行工程量清单计价,通过10多年运行,清单计价规范不断的修订、完善,尤其是自“13版清单计价规范”全面实施以来,工程量清单计价已经成为建筑市场的主流计价方式。市场竞争日趋激烈,面对这种竞争施工企业需要全面理解“13版清单计价规范”并遵循规范要求合理进行投标和报价,且在低价中标原则上实现企业利益最大化。本文基于2013版工程量清单计价规范,站在施工企业角度,采用文献研究及实证研究的方法对我国现行建筑工程计价原理及程序、建筑市场的招投标方式、投标报价的风险因素进行分析。重点研究投标报价的风险因素,使用AHP确定风险因素权重大小,使用模糊分析法研究风险因素对合理利润率的影响,并建立数学模型计算合理利润率以期施工企业更有效进行投标报价。同时介绍了风险应对的方法。研究认为,材料价格变动、竞争对手情况、评标专家道德和技能水平、造价人员水平以及企业利润率是对报价工作影响较大的重要计价风险因素。企业在进行投标报价时应特别关注这些风险因素对企业利润率的影响,从而更好的调整报价方案,不断提高报价水平,增强市场竞争力。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the construction industry in China has been in a state of sustained expansion, gradually becoming overcapacity situation. Construction enterprises in the construction market access projects are basically through the form of bidding, the construction market bidding pricing method gradually from fixed valuation to list valuation change. Since 2003, our country began to try out the bill of quantities valuation. After more than 10 years of operation, the list valuation standard has been revised and perfected, especially since the implementation of the 13th edition of the bill valuation code. Bill of quantities valuation has become the mainstream pricing method in the construction market. The market competition is becoming fiercer and fiercer. Faced with this competition, the construction enterprises need to fully understand the "13 edition list valuation Standard" and follow the standard requirements to carry out the bidding and quotation reasonably, and to realize the maximization of the enterprise benefit in the principle of winning the bid at low price. In this paper, based on the 2013 edition of the bill of quantities valuation standard, standing in the perspective of construction enterprises, using the method of literature research and empirical research, this paper analyzes the current pricing principles and procedures of construction projects in China, and the bidding methods in the construction market. Analyze the risk factors of bid quotation. This paper focuses on the risk factors of bidding quotation, uses AHP to determine the weight of risk factors, and uses fuzzy analysis method to study the influence of risk factors on the reasonable profit margin. The mathematical model is established to calculate the reasonable profit rate so that the construction enterprises can bid more effectively. At the same time, it introduces the methods of risk management. It is considered that material price change, competitors' situation, evaluation experts' morality and skill level, cost personnel level and enterprise profit rate are the important pricing risk factors that have a great influence on quotation work. The enterprises should pay special attention to the influence of these risk factors on the profit rate of the enterprises when they bid and quote, so as to adjust the quotation scheme better, improve the quotation level and enhance the market competitiveness.
【学位授予单位】：武汉工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU723

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