苏北地区历史城镇景观变迁研究

发布时间：2018-05-25 16:37

本文选题：历史城镇 + 景观变迁　；参考：《南京师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：探寻历史城镇景观的变迁轨迹,是目前城镇景观研究中的一个重要课题,同时对当下快速城镇化阶段城镇实现可持续发展也具有重大意义。而对于城镇景观的研究多以景观生态学等自然学科的角度进行景观格局分析,研究较为单一,更需要从文化地理学、文化生态学、历史地理学等学科进行综合研究,从而进一步思考人与自然的关系。改革开放以来,我国社会经济快速发展,城镇化水平不断提高,在整体城镇景观演变的过程中,随着人类活动对景观格局的干扰程度不断加深,直接影响了景观格局变化的趋势,同时也带来了一些环境污染和生态破坏等问题,进而威胁到城镇长期的良性发展。本文在对相关研究进行总结的基础上,选择了江苏省苏北地区作为研究范围。苏北地区目前正处于城镇快速发展的时期并拥有巨大的发展潜力,景观格局的可塑性较强。但同时在快速城镇化过程中易于出现盲目发展或规划不当等问题。本文通过分析研究苏北地区历史城镇的时空变迁,总结归纳城镇时空变迁的阶段、特征及空间分布格局、景观变迁基本模式和主要影响因素；同时对改革开放以来,现代苏北地区城镇景观用地格局进行研究,分为整个苏北地域、县域、镇域三个层次,选取不同研究区域,构建景观生态类型,运用景观格局指数分析方法和景观格局预测方法进行分析及预测；最后对苏北地区历史城镇景观保护中出现的问题进行总结,并提出一定的解决对策和措施,具体内容及研究结论包括：1.苏北地区历史城镇时空变迁共分为四个时期,分别为：散点分布期、线状扩展区、面状扩展区、“两纵一横”巩固期。历史城镇的空间分布格局可以总结为：“一横、两纵、三圈”,即沿淮河历史城镇带；京杭大运河沿线、东部沿海地区两大历史城镇带；历史城镇的分布的自然地理空间主要包括苏北地区东部沿海的滨海滩涂区、中西部大范围的黄淮平原区、东北部连云港的丘陵岗地区。2.苏北地区历史城镇景观的变迁模式主要包括三个方面,即“点-线-面”模式、“集聚-扩散”模式、“地理区位-行政划分”模式；影响历史城镇景观变迁的主要因素包括自然地理因素、政治因素、经济因素、文化因素。城镇景观面临的问题主要包括城镇化和景观保护两个方面,并结合景观的保护,提出一定的措施与建议。3.运用GIS技术对江苏省土地利用分类数据进行处理,获取研究区的土地利用景观类型矢量数据,再选取适当的景观格局指标,在斑块类型和整体景观两个级别上分别对1980、1995、2008三个时间段内景观格局进行分析,发现苏北地区整体景观格局的动态变化十分显著。体现在耕地面积减少较为明显；城镇用地、农村居民点、其他建设用地面积增长较为明显。同时整体景观结构趋于复杂化,景观破碎化程度提高。4.通过运用马尔科夫链模型及其检验,对2008-2025年内苏北城镇景观用地格局的动态变化进行了预测,并可以得出在这一时间段内整体景观结构将处于较为稳定的状态,自然景观类的要素面积会出现缓慢的减少并主要流向城镇用地和建设用地。同时,城镇用地及建设用地的规模将继续扩大。
[Abstract]:Exploring the change track of historical town landscape is an important topic in the study of urban landscape at present. At the same time, it is of great significance to the sustainable development of cities and towns in the rapid urbanization stage. It is necessary to make a comprehensive study of cultural geography, cultural ecology, historical geography and other disciplines to further think about the relationship between human and nature. Since the reform and opening up, China's social economy has developed rapidly and the level of urbanization has been improved continuously. In the process of the overall landscape evolution of the whole town, the disturbance degree of human activities to the landscape pattern is continuous. Deepened, it directly affects the trend of landscape pattern change, and also brings some environmental pollution and ecological destruction, and then threatens the long-term benign development of the town. Based on the summary of the related research, this paper chooses the northern Jiangsu Province as the research scope in Jiangsu province. The northern Jiangsu area is now in the rapid development of cities and towns. At the same time, the landscape pattern has a strong plasticity, but at the same time, it is easy to develop in the process of rapid urbanization. In this paper, the temporal and spatial changes of historical cities and towns in the north of Jiangsu Province are analyzed and studied, and the characteristics and spatial distribution patterns are summarized and the landscape changes are summarized. Since the reform and opening up, the landscape pattern of urban landscape in modern Northern Jiangsu Province has been studied. It is divided into three levels, including the whole region, the county and the town, to select the different research areas, to construct the landscape ecological types, and to analyze the landscape pattern index method and the landscape pattern prediction method. Finally, this paper summarizes the problems in the landscape protection of historical towns in Northern Jiangsu Province, and puts forward some solutions and measures. The specific content and research conclusions include: 1. the historical cities and towns in Northern Jiangsu are divided into four periods, namely, the scattered point distribution period, the linear expansion area, the surface expansion area, and the "two vertical and one horizontal". "Consolidation period. The spatial distribution pattern of historical towns can be summarized as" one horizontal, two longitudinal and three circles ", that is, the historic town belt along Huaihe, the Grande Canale along Beijing Hangzhou and two historic towns along the eastern coastal area; the natural geographical space of the distribution of historical towns mainly includes the coastal beach area of the eastern coast of the northern Jiangsu Province, and the big fan in the Midwest. The vicissitude model of the historic town landscape in the hilly area of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, in the northeast of Lianyungang, mainly includes the "point - line - Surface" model, the "agglomeration - diffusion" model, the "geographical location - the administrative division" mode, and the main factors that influence the historical town landscape change, including the natural geography factors. Treatment factors, economic factors and cultural factors. The problems faced by urban landscape mainly include two aspects of urbanization and landscape protection, and combined with the protection of landscape, some measures and suggestions.3. are put forward to deal with the land use classification data of Jiangsu province using GIS technology to obtain the vector data of the land use landscape type in the research area, and then select the vector data of the land use landscape type. The appropriate landscape pattern index, in the patch type and the overall landscape two levels, respectively analysis of the landscape pattern in the 198019952008 three periods, found that the dynamic changes of the overall landscape pattern in the north of Jiangsu Province is very significant. It is more obvious in the area of cultivated land reduction; urban land, rural residential area, other construction land area. At the same time, the overall landscape structure tends to be complex, and the extent of landscape fragmentation is improved by using the Markov chain model and its test, the dynamic changes in the landscape pattern of urban landscape in Northern Jiangsu are predicted in 2008-2025 years, and the overall landscape structure will be in a more stable state in this period of time, and it can be found that the structure of the overall landscape will be in a more stable state in this period of time,.4.. The area of natural landscape elements will be reduced slowly and mainly to urban land and construction land. At the same time, the scale of urban land and construction land will continue to expand.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU984.114

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