基于空间数据分析的北郊森林公园选址研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 13:46

本文选题：郊野公园 + 选址　；参考：《北京林业大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：本文以城市近郊郊野公园群选址为目标,以北京北郊森林公园选址作为研究的具体对象,北郊森林公园是以森林环境营造为手段的区域性郊野公园,选址范围位于北京市昌平区行政边界内。采用的研究方法是“整体到局部的分层逼近法”,即先通过对选址的重点范围进行划定,再对范围内局部的选址用地进行筛选,逐步确定具体的选址边界。技术手段是利用空间数据,通过ArcGIS10.2软件建立空间数据库,将与区域生态环境、植被覆盖度、人类活动聚集强度、景观视觉吸引度、网络评价等有关的数据,按照不同的尺度,数据粒度、可视化效果、计算负荷等方面进行了研究。通过对不同类型数据的整合,挖掘了空间数据之间的相互关联。通过对区域的自然地理概况、土地利用规划情况、城市空间结构、新城和村镇发展情况进行归纳。基于NDVI指数的植被覆盖度情况研究；以及基于网络大数据POI点的人类活动的空间聚集强度分布的研究,初步提出公园范围,并以军都山南麓至沙河水库北岸的中间地带作为郊野公园群的选址实施用地范围。通过现状实地调研,利用技术手段对选址实施用地范围的景观视觉空间和生态空间进行了分析,为进一步选址提供了具有导向性的空间结构。文章结论部分总结出郊野公园选址用地边界应该尽量靠近城市人类活动聚集强度较大地区的边界,在空间上与人类聚集强度较大的区域形成穿插和挤压,吸引人流量。通过网络评价词频分析,提取公众对于郊野公园群建设的选址要求是交通“方便”,易于抵达。在依据国家相关土地使用法律和政策的前提下,从相互交错各类用地中,以保护生态敏感地区空间结构为目标,从生态敏感度较高的区域中提取北郊森林公园选址实施用地,并排除了选址用地中的基本农田,最终提取出8块用地。随后又探讨了理论情况下由多目标引导的郊野公园群选址优化的模式。此外北郊森林公园需要在平原地区营造森林环境,因此进行了林地恢复虚拟场景构建和模型仿真方法的研究。模拟了多年植被恢复后的林地空间形态。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the location of the suburban country park group is taken as the target, and the location of the northern suburb forest park in Beijing is taken as the specific object of study. The northern suburb forest park is a regional country park with the means of forest environment construction. The site selection scope is located within the administrative boundary of Changping District, Beijing. The research method adopted is "global to local stratified approximation method", that is, by delimiting the key range of site selection, then screening the local site in the scope, the specific location boundary is determined step by step. The technical means are to use spatial data and establish spatial database through ArcGIS10.2 software. The data related to regional ecological environment, vegetation coverage, human activity aggregation intensity, landscape visual attraction, network evaluation, etc., are based on different scales. Data granularity, visualization effect, calculation load and so on are studied. Through the integration of different types of data, the correlation between spatial data is mined. This paper summarizes the regional physical geography, land use planning, urban spatial structure and the development of new towns and villages. The study of vegetation coverage based on NDVI exponent and the spatial aggregation intensity distribution of human activities based on big data POI point of network, The middle zone from the southern foot of Jundu Mountain to the north bank of Shahe Reservoir is used as the site area of the country park group. Based on the field investigation, this paper analyzes the landscape visual space and ecological space of site selection by means of technical means, which provides a guiding spatial structure for further site selection. The conclusion of the paper concludes that the boundary of the country park site should be as close as possible to the area where the human activity is more intensive, and intertwined and squeezed with the area with the greater intensity of human agglomeration in space to attract the flow of people. Through the analysis of word frequency of network evaluation, it is convenient and easy to arrive to extract the public's demand for the location of country park group construction. Based on the relevant land use laws and policies of the country, the paper takes the spatial structure protection of ecologically sensitive areas as the goal from the interlaced land use, and extracts the site selection and implementation land of the northern suburb forest park from the areas with high ecological sensitivity. The basic farmland was excluded and 8 plots of land were extracted. Then the optimization model of country park group location guided by multi-objective in theory is discussed. In addition, the forest park in the northern suburb needs to create forest environment in plain area, so the virtual scene construction and model simulation method of forest land restoration are studied. The spatial morphology of forest land after years of vegetation restoration was simulated.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU986.52

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