加气混凝土砌块砌体结构隔震性能分析

发布时间：2018-06-16 02:51

本文选题：砌体结构 + 加气混凝土　；参考：《吉林建筑大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：地震是地壳快速释放能量过程中造成的振动,是突发性的。地震给人类带来的灾害非常严重,大地震会造成城市的瘫痪,人员的大量死伤,还会使人类的文明成果造成损失甚至毁灭。地震的灾害足够让人们引起重视。人类为了减轻地震灾害,有三种应对措施:地震预报,地震转移和地震工程。地震转移是想办法将地震能量缓慢释放或者转移到偏远荒芜的地方进行释放,以减轻地震带来的损失。但这种方法依靠当前的科技很难做到。地震预报是指在破坏性地震发生前作出预报,使人们提前做好准备,即时应对。但是人类对地震的成因和规律认识的还不够完善,对地球的构造研究不够深入,所以并不能准确的预测地震。地震工程,即结构的抗震和隔震。人类研究结构的基础、建筑物的材料、建筑物的构造,使建筑物在地震中能够实现“大震不倒,中震可修,小震不坏”的设防目标。保证人身安全,财产安全,和某些研究成果不受损害。使地震带来的灾害降到最小。抗震体系的适应性有限,不同场地,不同建筑物结构,不同建筑物高度都会影响到设计方案。不仅复杂,而且设防目标难以完全实现。隔震技术的发展使结构能够在地震中有更好的表现。隔震技术是通过在建筑物上部结构和地面之间增加隔震层,解除它们之间的耦联关系。隔震层选择柔性大阻尼大的材料,用来吸收和消耗地震能量,使上部结构受到的地震能量大大减小,从而保证结构的安全。我国是砌体大国,在办公、住宅等建筑物中大量使用砌体结构。蒸压加气混凝土砌块不仅造价低廉、易于取材、生产和施工,而且解决了普通砌块自重大、耐久性差的缺点。是非常有前景的绿色环保建筑材料。本文介绍了蒸压加气混凝土砌块的优缺点,并介绍铅芯橡胶支座的隔震性能,本文提出采用有限元软件ANSYS模拟加气混凝土砌块砌体结构基础隔震模型,并与无基础隔震的普通加气混凝土砌块砌体结构模型进行对比,文中上部建筑采用松江河林业局6层砖混结构住宅楼原型,ANSYS中使用蒸压加气混凝土砌块代替其砖混结构。应用软件分析研究地震反应特点和规律。然后输入地震波,利用时程分析法分析隔震结构在地震作用下的动力反应特点(加速度,层剪力和层间位移),从理论上探讨该支座对砌体结构的隔震效果。
[Abstract]:Earthquake is the vibration caused by the rapid release of energy in the crust, and it is sudden. The earthquake brings a very serious disaster to mankind. The earthquake will paralyze the city, kill and injure a large number of people, and cause the loss or even destruction of human civilization. The disaster of the earthquake is enough to make people pay attention to it. In order to reduce earthquake disaster, there are three countermeasures: earthquake prediction, earthquake transfer and seismic engineering. Earthquake transfer is to find a way to slow the release of earthquake energy or transfer to remote barren places to release, in order to reduce the damage caused by earthquakes. But this approach is hard to do with current technology. Earthquake prediction refers to making prediction before destructive earthquake, so that people can prepare ahead of time and deal with it immediately. However, the understanding of the cause and law of earthquake is not perfect enough, and the study of the earth's structure is not enough, so we can not predict the earthquake accurately. Seismic engineering, that is, seismic structure and isolation. The foundation of human research structure, the materials of buildings and the structure of buildings enable buildings to achieve the fortification target of "strong earthquake can not fall, moderate earthquake can be repaired, small earthquake is not bad". Ensure personal safety, property safety, and certain research results are not compromised. Minimize the disaster caused by an earthquake. The adaptability of aseismic system is limited, different sites, different building structures and different building heights will affect the design scheme. It is not only complicated, but also difficult to achieve completely. The development of isolation technology enables structures to perform better in earthquakes. The isolation technique is to uncouple the upper structure of the building and the ground by adding the isolation layer between them. The isolation layer chooses the flexible material with large damping to absorb and consume the seismic energy so that the seismic energy of the superstructure is greatly reduced to ensure the safety of the structure. Masonry structure is widely used in office, residence and other buildings in China. The autoclaved aerated concrete block is not only cheap in cost, easy to select, produced and constructed, but also solves the shortcomings of the ordinary block which is self-important and has poor durability. Is a very promising green building materials. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of autoclaved aerated concrete block are introduced, and the isolation performance of lead rubber bearing is introduced. In this paper, the finite element software ANSYS is used to simulate the foundation isolation model of aerated concrete block masonry structure. Compared with the ordinary aerated concrete block masonry structure model without foundation isolation, the upper part of the paper uses the autoclaved aerated concrete block instead of its brick and concrete structure in the prototype of the 6-story brick and concrete structure residential building of Songjiang Forestry Bureau. The characteristics and laws of seismic response are studied by software analysis. Then the seismic wave is input, and the dynamic response characteristics (acceleration, story shear force and interstory displacement) of the isolated structure under earthquake action are analyzed by time-history analysis, and the isolation effect of the bearing on the masonry structure is discussed theoretically.
【学位授予单位】：吉林建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU364;TU352.12

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