以削减城市径流负荷为目标的人工湿地系统设计与研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 00:40

本文选题：雨水径流 + 道路排水系统　；参考：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市化的快速发展改变了城市下垫面性质,使原本可通过自然渗透排除的雨水在不透水的硬化地面形成快速径流,再加上相对封闭的雨水排水管网的传输,使得城市低洼区域内涝加重。同时,降雨在冲刷城市地面过程中还会带来面源污染,严重影响城市水体的水质。因此,我国开始提出在城镇化建设中采用LID (Low impact development)思想体系,建设LID工程(即海绵城市)。本文在充分分析我国城市排水、防洪防涝等体系的基础上,提出了旨在削减城市径流峰值流量和源头污染负荷的新的雨水排水体系,即采用人工湿地与城市道路排水相结合的工程设计理论,形成一种人工湿地-雨水排水管网相结合的复合式排水系统。本文以成都市某主干道排水工程为例,通过分析研究对象的地势分布情况和城市径流走向,提出了人工湿地工程实施布点的原则,根据城市地势整体分布情况选定湿地工程布置路线,再以道路沿线的水域分布情况确定湿地工程局部布置点。以服务区的汇水量为湿地工程的径流处理量,结合人工湿地污水处理原理,给出人工湿地与道路排水系统衔接的设计方法、湿地工程设计计算方法,并以此完成实际案例中人工湿地的构造和结构尺寸设计。本研究系统属于一种雨水生物滞留与处理的工程系统,系统特点可概括为“因地制宜,见缝插针”,即人工湿地工程以小型、分散、灵活以及量多的形式布置在城市不同地区,可以根据现场条件灵活选择湿地的设计和布置形式,不需要对城市已有建设进行大范围改造,对环境的影响程度降到最低。这种设计计算理论与方法为实际工作中人工湿地径流处置工程应用提供了一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of urbanization has changed the nature of the underlying surface of the city, making it possible for Rain Water, which could be eliminated by natural infiltration, to form rapid runoff on the impervious and hardened ground, plus the transmission of relatively closed Rain Water drainage networks. The waterlogging in the low-lying areas of the city is aggravated. At the same time, rainfall will bring non-point source pollution in the process of scouring the urban surface, which seriously affects the water quality of urban water. Therefore, our country began to put forward the idea of adopting the low impact development system in the construction of urbanization, and constructing the lid project (that is, the sponge city). Based on the analysis of urban drainage, flood control and waterlogging prevention and control systems in China, a new Rain Water drainage system is proposed in this paper, which aims to reduce the peak flow of urban runoff and the pollution load at the source. Using the engineering design theory of combining artificial wetland and urban road drainage, a combined drainage system of constructed wetland and Rain Water drainage pipe network is formed. Taking the drainage project of a main road in Chengdu as an example, this paper puts forward the principle of distribution of constructed wetland by analyzing the distribution of topography and the trend of urban runoff. According to the overall distribution of urban topography, the layout route of wetland project is selected, and the local layout point of wetland project is determined by the distribution of water area along the road. Taking the water sink of the service area as the runoff treatment capacity of the wetland project, combined with the principle of sewage treatment of the constructed wetland, the design method of the connection between the constructed wetland and the road drainage system and the design and calculation method of the wetland project are given. The construction and structure size design of constructed wetland in practical case is completed. This research system belongs to a kind of Rain Water biological retention and treatment engineering system, the system characteristic can be summarized as "according to the local conditions, see the stitches", that is, the constructed wetland project is arranged in different areas of the city in the form of small scale, dispersion, flexibility and quantity. The design and layout of wetland can be flexibly selected according to the site conditions. It is not necessary to transform the existing urban construction on a large scale and the impact on the environment is reduced to the minimum. The theory and method of design and calculation provide a certain reference value for the engineering application of runoff disposal in constructed wetland.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU992

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