数据机房气流组织的数值模拟与优化

发布时间：2018-06-24 17:34

本文选题：数据机房 + 封闭冷通风道　；参考：《南京工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：数据机房内部设备复杂,制冷要求较高,气流组织的节能优化也一直困难重重。针对输送困难、机柜内部存在局部热点、制冷效率低等问题,本文通过计算流体力学数值模拟手段,以提高模拟的精准性、改善气流组织为着重点,做了一系列尝试。首先简要叙述了数据机房在气流组织改善方面的研究现状,对所采用的数值方法做了简要介绍。并提出了将服务器细节体现在模型当中这一建模方式,采用已有的实验数据验证了该种建模方法与传统建模方法数值模拟结果的可靠性,在此基础上做了进一步研究。然后以单通道地板侧送风模型为研究对象,研究了不同服务器排列方式对机柜冷却效果的影响,通过列举6组排列模型,将温度场与机柜进风口、出风口温度进行分析对比,得出结论,在该种机房布置形式下,服务器均匀排列且保持空隙时冷却效果是最好的,同时也提出,当不同功率服务器摆放至机柜内部时,将高功率服务器摆放在机柜下部是推荐的做法,并通过两组模型进行了验证。最后,针对整个机房的气流组织进行了优化分析,着重研究了封闭冷通道架空地板的高度、孔板孔隙率、封闭冷通道宽度这几个因素对机房气流组织、机柜冷却效果方面的影响,并采用RHI(回热指数)评价分析了每种气流组织的冷量利用率。结果显示封闭冷通道架空地板的高度对增加机房温度分布的均匀性有较好的作用,当架空地板的高度增加到一定程度时(0.5m),其作用达到稳定水平,不再随高度增加而增加；较大的孔隙率不但不能提高冷却效果,反而会使机柜平均温度上升,通过增大孔隙率来实现提高送风效果的做法是错误的：冷通道宽度的增加能够对冷却效果有一定的提升,但是当通道宽度大于1.3m时,提升效果不再明显,故当空间允许的情况下可以适当增大冷通道宽度但不可过分依赖。本文的亮点是提出了将服务器细节体现在模型当中的一种新的建模方式,区别于传统的“黑箱模型”,其与实验测试值的吻合度更高,模拟结果更为精准。本文的局限性在于在后续研究中,只针对于单通道地板侧送风形式,而实际生活中机房布置要复杂的多,但仍能给数据机房的节能设计提供一定的建议。
[Abstract]:The interior equipment of the data room is complex, the refrigeration requirement is high, and the energy saving optimization of the airflow organization is always difficult. Aiming at the problems of difficult transportation, local hot spots in the cabinet and low refrigeration efficiency, a series of attempts have been made in this paper to improve the accuracy of simulation and improve the airflow organization by means of numerical simulation of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Firstly, the research status of air distribution improvement in the data room is briefly described, and the numerical methods used are briefly introduced. The modeling method of server details in the model is proposed, and the reliability of the modeling method and the numerical simulation results of the traditional modeling method are verified by using the existing experimental data. On this basis, further research is done. Then take the single channel floor side air supply model as the research object, studied the different server arrangement way to the cabinet cooling effect influence, through enumerates 6 groups of arrangement models, the temperature field and the machine cabinet inlet, the air outlet temperature carries on the analysis contrast, It is concluded that the cooling effect is the best when the servers are arranged evenly and the gaps are kept in the computer room layout. At the same time, it is proposed that when different power servers are placed inside the cabinet, It is recommended to put the high power server in the lower part of the cabinet, which is verified by two groups of models. Finally, the optimization analysis of the airflow organization of the whole machine room is carried out, and the airflow organization of the machine room is mainly studied, such as the height of the closed cold channel overhead floor, the porosity of the hole plate and the width of the closed cold passage. The effect of cooling efficiency on the cooling efficiency of the cabinet was analyzed by RHI (Regeneration Index). The results show that the height of the overhead floor in closed cold passage has a good effect on increasing the uniformity of temperature distribution in the machine room. When the height of the overhead floor increases to a certain extent (0.5 m), its action reaches a stable level and no longer increases with the increase of height; The larger porosity can not improve the cooling effect, on the contrary, it will increase the average temperature of the cabinet. It is wrong to increase the porosity to improve the air supply effect: the increase of the cold channel width can improve the cooling effect to a certain extent. However, when the channel width is greater than 1.3 m, the lifting effect is no longer obvious, so the cold channel width can be appropriately increased when space permits, but can not be over-dependent. The highlight of this paper is that a new modeling method is proposed, which embodies the server details in the model, which is different from the traditional "black-box model", which has a higher consistency with the experimental test value and more accurate simulation results. The limitation of this paper is that in the follow-up research, it is only aimed at the single channel floor air supply form, but the layout of the computer room is much more complicated in real life, but it can still provide some suggestions for the energy saving design of the data computer room.
【学位授予单位】：南京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU831

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