挖掘机液压系统分析与节能控制研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 18:20

本文选题：挖掘机 + 液压系统分析　；参考：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会的发展,挖掘机在我国工程机械行业作为主力机种的地位越来越突出,其种类和数量越来越多,它们被运用于各种各样的施工作业中。挖掘机的工作环境一般都是变化多端的,在施工作业中经常要完成许多高难度动作,因此其液压系统设计的合理性就显得尤为重要了。同样,挖掘机消耗的资源,在施工过程中产生的粉尘、噪音以及排放的污染物对我们的环境也产生了重大的影响。通过大量查阅国内外关于挖掘机液压系统的相关资料,对挖掘机的发展历史以及液压系统的基本回路进行了简要的阐述,分析和对比了挖掘机工作时几个典型的工况以及能量损失的主要原因和途径,对当前挖掘机常采用的液压控制系统做了详尽的对比和归纳,对国内外不同挖掘机液压系统在节能控制方面所采取的措施进行了具体分析。本论文以SY220挖掘机为研究对象,对该挖掘机的液压系统进行了简要分析,对其功率的匹配性以及工作装置的液压缸参数进行了计算。根据挖掘机液压系统的节能控制要求,对挖掘机不同工况所产生的能耗情况进行了对比分析,针对挖掘机动臂在下降过程中的势能不回收必然会造成能量损失问题,提出了对动臂在下降过程中的势能损失进行回收并用于其下一次的上升动作。对所设计的节能方案建立起数学模型,通过计算选择出了能量回收装置即蓄能器的具体型号,运用AMESim软件建立出此节能系统的仿真模型,系统的分析了定量参数、变量参数之间的关系,研究了各个变量参数的设置对所建立液压系统的能量回收速度、能量回收效果的影响,并分析了能量回收系统对挖掘机作业速度的影响,最后根据其仿真结果提出了对各个变量参数的控制方案,尽可能使其能量回收效果最好。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, excavators are becoming more and more important in the construction machinery industry of our country, and their kinds and quantities are more and more. They are used in all kinds of construction operations. The working environment of excavator is usually varied and a lot of difficult actions are often completed in construction operation, so the rationality of hydraulic system design is particularly important. Similarly, the resources consumed by excavators, the dust, noise and pollutants emitted during construction have a significant impact on our environment. The development history of excavator and the basic circuit of hydraulic system are briefly described by consulting the relevant data of excavator hydraulic system at home and abroad. This paper analyzes and compares several typical working conditions of excavators and the main causes and approaches of energy loss, and makes a detailed comparison and summary of the hydraulic control systems commonly used by excavators at present. The measures for energy saving control of hydraulic system of different excavators at home and abroad are analyzed in detail. Taking SY220 excavator as the research object, the hydraulic system of the excavator is analyzed briefly in this paper. The power matching and the hydraulic cylinder parameters of the working device are calculated. According to the requirements of energy saving control of excavator hydraulic system, the energy consumption caused by different working conditions of excavator is compared and analyzed. In view of the problem of energy loss caused by non-recovery of potential energy of excavator arm in the process of falling down, In this paper, the potential energy loss of the arm during the descent process is recovered and used for its next ascending action. The mathematical model of the designed energy saving scheme is established, and the specific model of the energy recovery device, that is, the accumulator, is selected by calculation. The simulation model of the energy saving system is established by using the AMESim software, and the quantitative parameters are analyzed systematically. The relationship between variable parameters, the influence of the setting of each variable parameter on the energy recovery speed and the energy recovery effect of the hydraulic system is studied, and the influence of the energy recovery system on the working speed of the excavator is analyzed. Finally, according to the simulation results, the control scheme of each variable parameter is put forward, and the best energy recovery effect is obtained.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU621

【参考文献】